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Rushing to the beach for high-end chip manufacturing, Zhongwei has passed TSMC’s 5 nm process verification.

Yin Zhiyao, Chairman and CEO of Zhongwei Semiconductor, said at the first investment forum of Lingang New Area: "The digital industry is a very great revolution. In the past 60 years, it has completely changed people’s production methods and lifestyles, and mobile phones are just one of the products. Internet, e-commerce, media, big data and other applications-oriented industries are estimated to be at least 20 trillion US dollars. The biggest promoter of this industry at present is 5G and artificial intelligence. "

Yin Zhiyao quoted American forecast data as saying that by next year, the output value of global digital industry will be equivalent to 41% of the total output value of global enterprises, and by 2035, the output value of digital industry will exceed half of the world GDP.

"5 nm" is about to enter mass production

Yin Zhiyao revealed that according to the development schedule of TSMC, the world’s most advanced integrated circuit manufacturer, after 18 months, the chip manufacturing process has developed from 14 nanometers to 5 nanometers and entered the mass production node. "At present, TSMC is still developing according to Moore’s Law. 3 nm has been in research and development for more than a year. It is estimated that 3 nm will enter trial production by the beginning of 2021. Zhongwei has also been following this route and now it is 5 nanometers. "

It is reported that at present, the etching machine of micro-semiconductor has successfully passed the verification of TSMC’s 5-nanometer process, and obtained four processes, creating another milestone of semiconductor equipment in China.

After nearly ten rounds of financing, one of the core products of Microsemiconductor, which finally landed in science and technology innovation board, is the core equipment etching machine in the semiconductor field. Etching machine is one of the three core equipments in the process of chip manufacturing, which determines the highest level of chip manufacturing to some extent.

At present, the market value of Zhongwei Semiconductor has exceeded 40 billion yuan, with a price-earnings ratio of 200 times. "But the scale of the company is still very small. We hope to develop more integrated circuit equipment and pan-semiconductor equipment through the coordinated development of organic growth and mergers and acquisitions." Yin Zhiyao said.

According to Shen Wan Hongyuan’s research report, the global market size of semiconductor equipment in 2018 is about 62.1 billion US dollars. Although the space is large enough, the barriers are high enough, and international giants such as ASML and Applied Materials firmly grasp the pricing power of the industry.

Yin Zhiyao also said that at present, the international output value of the semiconductor chip manufacturing industry has reached about 500 billion US dollars, but the annual output value of the semiconductor equipment industry is about 50 billion US dollars, and the investment in building a state-of-the-art semiconductor chip production line with an annual output of 50,000 wafers is about 10 billion US dollars. "The scale of the equipment industry (compared with the semiconductor industry as a whole) is still very small, which is generally not valued by many people, but there is a great amplification behind it, hundreds or even thousands of times." Yin Zhiyao said.

Moore’s law still works.

According to Moore’s Law, the number of transistors in the same area doubles every 18 months. Chip manufacturing companies try their best to put down as many transistors as possible in a narrow area and increase the number of transistors in the chip. In the process of shrinking transistor size, in order to achieve smaller line width, mask aligner and etching machine play a decisive role in the process.

At the recent annual meeting of TSMC, TSMC revealed that the second-generation 5-nanometer chip has entered production. TSMC’s investment in the chip field was originally $11 billion this year, but now it has increased to $14 billion to $15 billion. It is expected that this investment level will be maintained next year. In addition, after TSMC completes the production of 3-nanometer chips, a new 2-nanometer R&D center will be launched, and 8,000 R&D personnel will join.

With the continuous evolution of chip manufacturing process, the requirements for processing accuracy of equipment are also improved. "Now it has been proposed to achieve the uniformity of chemical film deposition of plus or minus 0.29%, and the uniformity of plasma etching line width of 0.1 nm, which is smaller than an atom." Yin Zhiyao said, "Plasma etching and chemical film are the most critical equipment. Building a 5-nanometer production line is 5.5 times more expensive than the original traditional production line, and the manufacturing cost of each wafer is 2.6 times more expensive. Now TSMC is technically feasible, but it is very expensive, so reducing costs has become their most important task at this stage. This is also an opportunity for our domestic equipment and materials, because we can achieve good quality and low price. "

Yin Zhiyao said that in the field of micro-processing equipment where Zhongwei Semiconductor is located, a complete industrial chain of materials and parts is needed, and key materials and parts must be supplied by world-class companies or even century-old stores. "It is a very complicated industrial chain structure. There are 700 international supply chain manufacturers in China and Micro who provide us with materials and equipment." Yin Zhiyao revealed, "Among them, 90 suppliers are key suppliers, and many of them are only one or two in the world."

However, he also said that after more than ten years’ efforts, Microsemiconductor has trained many high-quality suppliers in China and can provide excellent materials. "We have 61% localization on the plasma etching machine; MOCVD has achieved 80% localization, including domestic mechanical arms for vibrating robots, and the materials purchased in the United States have dropped to 5%. "

At the first investment forum of Lingang New Area, Zhongwei Semiconductor also expressed its interest in investing in the field of Lingang semiconductor equipment and materials. Yin Zhiyao told the First Financial Reporter: "The biggest advantage of Shanghai lies not in large-scale production, but in aiming at cutting-edge technology, supplying its high-end design, manufacturing, equipment, materials and the application of new technologies such as 5G and AI. In addition, the electronic bioengineering born from the combination of the most advanced technology and biomedicine in the digital age also has great potential and should be combined with cutting-edge development. "

Yin Zhiyao pointed out that industrial development needs agglomeration effect, and Lingang New Area provides a vast world and huge development space for this, such as the convenience of cross-border trade. "The advantage is that many of our parts are imported from abroad, and some of our products are sold abroad and some are sold at home. The two-way preferential policies in Lingang New Area are not only more convenient in importing parts and materials, but also in exporting."

Recent progress of foreign intellectual property courts and its enlightenment

　

　　In recent years, with the intensification of international technological competition, Germany, the United States, Thailand, South Korea, Japan and other countries have successively set up national-level IPR appeal hearing mechanisms to protect their own scientific and technological innovations and ensure the unity and certainty of IPR adjudication. By tracing the recent work of foreign intellectual property courts, this paper introduces the progress and related work measures of foreign intellectual property courts in recent years in court establishment, case trial, response to epidemic situation, diversified dispute resolution mechanism, information work, judicial openness and international exchange, with a view to enlightening.

　　I. Basic information on the establishment of overseas intellectual property courts

　　The establishment of early intellectual property courts

　　Before 2020, the specialized intellectual property courts (courts) established around the world mainly include: the German Federal Patent Court established in 1961, the British High Court Patent Court established in 1977, the Korean Patent Court established in 1998, the Singapore Intellectual Property Court established in 2002, the Japanese Intellectual Property High Court established in 2005, the Malaysian Intellectual Property Court established in 2007 and the British Intellectual Property Enterprise established in 2013.

　　In addition, although the scope of the US Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit established in 1982 is not limited to intellectual property cases, patent civil and administrative cases and the "337 investigation" appeal case of the US Federal Trade Commission are all under its exclusive jurisdiction and constitute the main types of cases it actually accepts.

　　The Thai Intellectual Property and International Trade Court, established in 1997, is not limited to intellectual property cases, but all first-instance intellectual property cases, including civil cases and criminal cases, are under its exclusive jurisdiction.

　　Although the scope of accepting cases by the Finnish Market Court established in 2013 is not limited to intellectual property cases, all intellectual property cases except criminal cases are under its exclusive jurisdiction.

　　Recent establishment of intellectual property courts

　　On July 1, 2020, in order to ensure the uniformity and certainty of the adjudication of intellectual property cases, Poland established a number of specialized intellectual property courts, including four intellectual property courts of first instance and two intellectual property appeal courts, among which technical intellectual property cases were under the exclusive jurisdiction of the Warsaw District Intellectual Property Court.

　　In addition, the establishment of the European unified patent court is progressing closely, and will begin to accept cases after the entry into force of the Agreement on the Unified Patent Court. The entry into force condition of the Agreement on Unified Patent Courts is that the domestic legislatures of at least 13 member countries (including Germany, France and Italy, which hold the most valid patents) approve the Agreement, and the entry into force date is the first day of the fourth month after the last country that meets the entry into force conditions deposits its instrument of ratification.

　　In August, 2021, Germany, as the last country to achieve the conditions for entry into force, ratified the Unified Patent Court Agreement, which will take effect on the first day of the fourth month after Germany deposited its instrument of ratification. It is noteworthy that in order to ensure the smooth transition to the operation stage of the unified patent court after the entry into force of the unified patent court agreement, the provisional application agreement of the unified patent court agreement agreed in part of the unified patent court agreement came into effect on January 19, 2022, and the eight-month provisional application period of the unified patent court agreement has officially started.

　　The European unified patent court has started the final preparatory stage, and its administrative Committee has adopted the rules of European patent litigation qualification regulations, European unified patent court service and personnel regulations, financial regulations and so on; The Advisory Committee responsible for the recruitment of judges in the Unified Patent Court has been established, and the registration of judges has been closed, and about 1,000 applications have been received. Almost all patent judges in Germany and France have signed up for this recruitment activity, and the selection work is currently underway. It is expected that the European Unified Patent Court will be officially put into operation in September 2022 or early 2023.

　　Second, the main work of the recent extraterritorial intellectual property courts

　　In the trial of cases

　　1. The trial of the case

　　The U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit accepted 1,511 appeals, 1,456 appeals and 1,582 appeals in 2019, 2020 and 2021 (from September 30 of the previous year to September 30 of that year); 1602 cases, 1568 cases and 1370 cases were concluded respectively. Intellectual property cases accounted for 67% (about 1012 cases), 61% (about 888 cases) and 53% (about 838 cases) respectively. Among them, the patent examination cases from the US Patent and Trademark Office accounted for 43% (about 650 cases), 38% (about 553 cases) and 35% (about 553 cases) respectively; The patent cases from the U.S. federal district court accounted for 22% (about 332 cases), 21% (about 306 cases) and 16% (about 253 cases) respectively. Trademark cases accounted for 2% of the total number of cases received in three years, about 30, about 29 and about 32 respectively.

　　In 2019 and 2020, Japan’s Intellectual Property High Court accepted 259 cases of intellectual property rights (174 cases of first instance and 85 cases of civil appeal) and 221 cases (152 cases of first instance and 69 cases of civil appeal); 254 cases (166 cases of first instance requesting to cancel the ruling and 88 cases of civil appeal) and 224 cases (159 cases of first instance requesting to cancel the ruling and 65 cases of civil appeal) were concluded respectively. In 2019, the average trial period of first-instance cases requesting revocation of the ruling was 8.6 months, and the average trial period of civil appeal cases was 7 months. 9.6 months and 9 months respectively in 2020.

　　In 2019 and 2020, the Korean Patent Court accepted 949 cases of intellectual property rights (836 cases requesting cancellation of administrative rulings and 113 cases of civil appeals) and 797 cases (671 cases requesting cancellation of administrative rulings and 126 cases of civil appeals); 930 cases (801 cases requesting cancellation of administrative ruling and 129 cases of civil appeal) and 877 cases (758 cases requesting cancellation of administrative ruling and 119 cases of civil appeal) were concluded respectively. In 2019, the average trial period of administrative cases was 237 days, and the average trial period of civil appeal cases was 308 days. 251 days and 320 days in 2020 respectively.

　　The German Federal Patent Court accepted 1,548 and 1,505 intellectual property cases in 2019 and 2020 respectively; 1838 cases and 1632 cases were concluded respectively. The average trial period of each court in the German Federal Patent Court is different, among which the average trial period of the invalid court is 27.8 months in 2019 and 32.8 months in 2020; The average trial period of the Technical Appeals Tribunal is 28.5 months in 2019 and 27.9 months in 2020; The average trial period of the court of appeal for utility model patents is 22.9 months in 2019 and 20.9 months in 2020; The average trial period of the Trademark and Design Patent Appeal Court is 22.1 months in 2019 and 21.8 months in 2020; The average trial period of the Legal Appeal Court is 10.4 months in 2019 and 8.4 months in 2020.

　　In 2019, 2020 and 2021, the Intellectual Property and International Trade Court of Thailand accepted 2,838 cases (207 civil cases and 2,631 criminal cases), 2,073 cases (211 civil cases and 1,862 criminal cases) and 554 cases (64 civil cases and 490 criminal cases) respectively; 2,957 cases (217 civil cases and 2,740 criminal cases), 2,078 cases (186 civil cases and 1,892 criminal cases) and 467 cases (53 civil cases and 414 criminal cases) were concluded respectively.

　　2. Relevant important referees in recent years

　　On compensation for damages in patent civil infringement cases.

　　In February, 2020, the Japanese Intellectual Property High Court used the calculation method of damages based on loss of profits in the case of "MTG v. Five Stars" involving the patent infringement dispute of beauty instruments, arguing that the contribution of patents was not considered when calculating damages, and finally the amount of damages was 440.06 million yen.

　　In November 2020, in the case of "Vectura v GlaxoSmithKline" patent infringement dispute, the US Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit upheld the judgment of the court of first instance that the infringer’s sales of nearly $3 billion was multiplied by the license fee of 3%, and that the infringer compensated the patentee for a total of more than $89 million.

　　In September, 2021, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit partially revoked the district court’s judgment in the case of SRI and Cisco, and decided that Cisco Company constituted intentional infringement, bearing twice the punitive damages, and maintaining the district court’s judgment on fully supporting the lawyer’s fees.

　　In September of the same year, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit overturned the judgment of the district court in the case of Lubby Holdings and Henry Chung, arguing that Article 287 of the U.S. Patent Law requires that the patentee must inform the infringer of what acts are suspected of infringement and which patent is infringed by the alleged infringing product. At the same time, The infringer is required to stop the infringement or seek a patent license. Because the patentee in this case failed to provide evidence to meet these requirements, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit overturned the judgment of the district court on the tort compensation caused by the infringer’s infringement before being sued, and sent the case back to the district court for retrial and decided on the tort compensation caused by the infringement after the prosecution.

　　On patentability in patent administrative cases.

　　In February, 2021, in the case of Trustees of Columbia University v. Illumina, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit pointed out that it was obvious to use the known literature to identify the patent unless it was clearly stated that the method of disclosure was not feasible or should not be adopted.

　　On the intersection of patent civil infringement and administrative invalidation procedure.

　　In January, 2021, in the case of ABS and Cytonome, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit dismissed the appeal filed by the accused infringer ABS Company for reconsideration procedure on the grounds that the judgment that the accused infringer did not constitute infringement in both civil cases had become the final judgment and the accused infringer had no interest in the patent invalidation reexamination decision.

　　On the identification of evidence of patent infringement.

　　In April, 2021, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit upheld the district court’s judgment that Sharp Company did not constitute patent infringement against Wi-LAN Company, and held that the printed source code of a third-party chip manufacturer did not constitute a business record, and the attached employee statement was prepared in response to the lawsuit, and was not kept during the regular activities, so it could not be used as evidence to prove the infringement.

　　On the protection of pharmaceutical patents.

　　On September 30, 2021, the Korean Patent Court overturned the ruling made by the Korean Intellectual Property Hearing and Appeal Committee, and decided that PEGylated drugs belonged to the new drugs in the drug patent extension system under the Korean patent law system, which expanded the scope of new drugs considered by the Korean Intellectual Property Office, thus being more coordinated and consistent with the scope of new drugs in the drug patent extension system in the United States and the European Union.

　　On October 9, 2020, the German Federal Patent Court decided that the combination of ezetimibe and simvastatin was not innovative drugs in the case of invalid patent supplementary protection certificate for ezetimibe /simvastatin, and revoked the issued EU supplementary protection certificate.

　　On the identification of artificial intelligence inventors.

　　Since 2018, steven tyler, an American scientist, has submitted patent applications to many countries or regions as the inventor of his artificial intelligence system. Law enforcement and judicial organs in various countries are faced with the legal issue of whether the artificial intelligence system is the inventor of the patent. In this regard, different judicial organs present different views.

　　The German Federal Patent Court ruled in November 2021 that although the artificial intelligence system cannot be an inventor of a patent alone, it can be added as an inventor and written in the patent application.

　　In September 2021, the British Court of Appeal also rejected steven tyler’s request to list artificial intelligence as a patent application of a separate inventor. At present, the case has been appealed to the British Supreme Court; In September 2021, the U.S. Federal District Court for the Eastern District of Virginia ruled that the artificial intelligence system could not be an inventor under the U.S. patent law.

　　On the contrary, the Australian Federal Court of Appeal ruled in July 2021 that artificial intelligence can be used as a patent inventor according to Australian patent law.

　　In addition, in Japan, South Korea and other countries, the patent issue of the DABUS case is still under review.

　　With the development of artificial intelligence, artificial intelligence has challenged the patent laws and judicial organs of various countries, and whether artificial intelligence can become a patent inventor is gradually being explored and clarified in various countries.

　　Work initiatives

　　1. Work measures to deal with the epidemic situation

　　Affected by the outbreak of the COVID-19 epidemic in 2020, overseas intellectual property courts took timely measures to deal with the epidemic, mainly including the following aspects:

　　The first is to start using remote trial. Japan’s Intellectual Property High Court, Germany’s Federal Patent Court, Thailand’s Intellectual Property and International Trade Court and the UK’s Patent Court all use Microsoft Teams software or the commercial version of Skype software to conduct trials by remote video conference.

　　The U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit issued an announcement in official website at the beginning of the outbreak to suspend off-line court sessions, and changed the cases that really needed to be heard to be held by teleconference, and provided real-time audio live broadcast to the public on official website.

　　The second is to limit the number of courts. The German Federal Patent Court adopts a combination of online and offline trial, that is, the judge and the lawyer of one party are in court, and all other litigants participate in the trial through remote video conference. At the same time, the German Federal Patent Court also issued regulations to limit the number of courts, limiting the number of standard courts with 30 people to 9 and the number of large courts with 90 people to 30.

　　The third is to encourage parties to submit case materials online. Thailand’s Intellectual Property and International Trade Court encourages parties to use the electronic document system and the court’s comprehensive online service system to follow up the status of cases and pay legal fees and other expenses without going to court.

　　The fourth is to amend the rules of civil procedure. In July, 2020, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit promulgated the newly revised Rules of Procedure for the Federal Circuit, including the relevant provisions on the submission of documents by electronic means, and the provisions on the delay of the limitation of action when neither electronic nor on-site paper submission can be made.

　　In addition, the Thai Intellectual Property and International Trade Court announced the new rules of remote trial during the epidemic in time, allowing all civil cases to be litigated online.

　　The fifth is to focus on dealing with the backlog of cases. In order to cope with the backlog of cases caused by the epidemic, the British courts have established courts (also known as "Nightingale Courts") that have been converted from hotels, concert halls or theaters, and hired part-time judges and retired judges to hear cases that have been backlogged due to the epidemic. In an interview, the judge of the British High Court said that except for the early ban due to the epidemic, the patent court almost did not postpone hearing any cases.

　　Sixth, strengthen the protection of trial data and information. In order to cope with the backlog of cases during the epidemic and the fact that judges often take case materials home for processing, the trial data protection team of the British courts published a guide to the protection of trial case data information in April 2020, which stipulated specific norms for the preservation of case materials to prevent the disclosure of trial data.

　　During 2021, some foreign intellectual property courts adjusted epidemic prevention measures. For example, since September of that year, the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit began to resume on-site trials of some cases, but made requirements for the number of people participating in the trial, wearing masks, and nucleic acid testing certificates.

　　2. Diversified dispute resolution mechanism

　　On May 25th, 2020, Korea Patent Court signed a memorandum of cooperation with Korea Commercial Arbitration Commission. According to the memorandum of cooperation, the Korean patent court can refer some arbitration cases related to intellectual property rights to the Korean Commercial Arbitration Commission for handling, so as to promote the diversified dispute resolution of intellectual property cases.

　　3. Informatization work

　　The German Federal Patent Court has long joined its own information cooperation project. According to the requirements of related information work, it will realize the electronization of all documents by January 1, 2026 at the latest. This requires the German Federal Patent Court to replace its visualization system that has been used for many years and switch to the visualization trial system agreed in the cooperation project. At present, the German Federal Patent Court is focusing on transferring trial case files to a visual trial system. According to statistics, there are 5,500 directories and 450,000 files to be transferred.

　　4. Judicial openness

　　On August 10, 2020, the Korean Patent Court signed a memorandum of cooperation with the World Intellectual Property Organization, which will provide WIPO with the English version of the intellectual property judicial judgment of the country, thus facilitating foreign parties to obtain the judgment of the Korean Patent Court and improving the influence of the intellectual property trial in the country.

　　Both the Japanese Intellectual Property High Court and the Korean Patent Court have formulated and published the 2020 edition of the court introduction manual and the 2021 edition of the court introduction manual in official website in time, which contains the historical evolution, organizational structure, litigation procedures, research and exchange, case trials and other contents of the court.

　　International exchange

　　On September 17, 2020, the library jointly established by Thailand Intellectual Property and International Trade Court and the World Intellectual Property Organization was officially put into use, and all books and materials were open to judges, lawyers, government agencies and the public. The establishment of the library is one of the important contents of the Cooperation Statement signed by the Thai Intellectual Property and International Trade Court and the World Intellectual Property Organization in 2018.

　　On November 11-12, 2020, the Korean Patent Court held the 6th Global Intellectual Property Court Conference with the theme of "Court, Intellectual Property and Globalization". A total of 500 intellectual property judges, lawyers and scholars from the United States, Britain, Belgium, Australia, Japan and other countries attended the meeting. The topics exchanged in this meeting cover biotechnology patents and software patents, design patent litigation, transnational patent litigation, standard essential patents and other fields.

　　From November 10th to 11th, 2021, the Korean Patent Court continued to hold the 7th Global Intellectual Property Court Conference with the theme of "Court, Intellectual Property and Harmonization" by combining online and offline. The topics exchanged at the meeting covered the latest hot topics such as compulsory patent licensing, the challenge of artificial intelligence to patent law, the protection of computer software copyright, and how to balance the interests of units and employees in job invention-creation cases.

　　In January, 2021, Japan Intellectual Property High Court held the 2020 annual intellectual property judicial seminar online. Judges and lawyers from the United States, Britain, Germany and Japan participated in the discussion and exchange of two themes: "the status quo of equivalent infringement in patent infringement litigation" and "court litigation activities under epidemic situation".

　　In October, 2021, Japan Intellectual Property High Court continued to hold the 2021 judicial seminar on intellectual property, and judges and lawyers from various countries discussed and exchanged two themes: "International comparison of indirect patent infringement" and "using expert knowledge in civil litigation".

　　otherwise

　　In response to the professionalism and complexity of the current trial of technical intellectual property cases, the Korean Patent Court set up a technical consultation expert recommendation committee on July 17, 2020, appointed nine experts from different research institutions as members of the committee, and revised the relevant domestic trial rules. According to the latest trial rules, in the process of hearing technical cases, if the presiding judge needs the support of experts in related technical fields, he can make a request to the Technical Advisory Expert Recommendation Committee, and the Committee will provide experts in related fields according to the request to help the judges hear related technical cases.

　　Third, analysis and enlightenment

　　It has become an international trend to establish an appeal mechanism for intellectual property cases at the national level.

　　Germany, the United States, Thailand, South Korea, Japan and other countries have successively set up national-level IPR appeal trial mechanisms, and have formed a relatively mature IPR trial operation mechanism.

　　Poland also established a centralized trial system for intellectual property cases in July 2020.

　　The European unified patent court, which was established beyond the national level, officially entered the final preparatory stage on January 19, 2022, and it is expected to start its official operation in September 2022 at the earliest.

　　In recent years, the globalization trend of intellectual property litigation around standard essential patents, pharmaceutical patents, artificial intelligence and other fields has become increasingly prominent. The competition among countries for and safeguarding their own jurisdiction, excluding and restricting the jurisdiction of other countries has intensified, and the trend of centralized trial of intellectual property cases has become increasingly obvious. It has become an international trend to establish a unified national or even supranational regional appeal trial mechanism for intellectual property cases.

　　The internationalization trend of intellectual property disputes is becoming more and more obvious.

　　In recent years, in the fields of standard essential patents, medicine, artificial intelligence, etc., many countries are facing the same legal problems at the same time, parallel lawsuits occur from time to time, and the internationalization trend of intellectual property disputes is becoming increasingly obvious. On the one hand, we should continue to pay attention to the extraterritorial dynamics, learn from the useful experience of extraterritorial courts, and broaden our international horizons; On the other hand, it is also necessary to thoroughly investigate the actual situation of scientific and technological enterprises, especially multinational enterprises, and respond to the judicial needs of scientific and technological innovation subjects. It is necessary to strengthen the research on difficult and complicated problems in new fields and new formats of intellectual property, sum up the rules of adjudication in a timely manner in combination with the trial practice inside and outside the region, and timely study the coping strategies of intellectual property problems in new fields and new formats, so as to provide judicial wisdom support for the emerging new and complex problems. In addition, in view of the new problems, new situations and the improvement of intellectual property trial mechanism faced by all countries, it is necessary to increase judicial exchanges and discussions with overseas intellectual property courts, deeply participate in global intellectual property governance under the framework of the World Intellectual Property Organization, and promote the improvement of the international intellectual property governance system.

　　(Author: the Supreme People’s Court)

Prices are expected to be moderate overall this year.

In February, CPI increased year-on-year, while PPI decreased year-on-year, which was caused by short-term and hikes.
——Prices are expected to be moderate overall this year.

On March 9th, the National Bureau of Statistics released the National Consumer Price Index (CPI) and the Industrial Producer Ex-factory Price Index (PPI). The data shows that in February, CPI rose by 2.9% year-on-year and 1.2% quarter-on-quarter; PPI increased by 3.7% year-on-year and decreased by 0.1% quarter-on-quarter.

According to experts, although the CPI in February was significantly higher than that in the same period of last year, factors such as market supply and demand have not changed substantially, and it is difficult for short-term factors to have a trend impact on the price trend, so there is no inflationary pressure in China’s economy this year.

The Spring Festival "Wrong Month" has led to an increase in CPI.

In February, CPI rose by 2.9% year-on-year, an increase of 1.4 percentage points over the previous month. Since February 2017, it entered the "2 era" for the first time, setting a new high since December 2013.

"The year-on-year increase in CPI was mainly affected by the’ wrong month’ factor in the Spring Festival." Sheng Guoqing, a senior statistician of the Urban Department of the National Bureau of Statistics, said that this year’s Spring Festival was in February, while last year’s Spring Festival was in January, which caused the comparison base in February to be relatively low. In addition, the price increase of food and services before and after the Spring Festival led to the year-on-year increase of CPI.

Lian Ping, chief economist of Bank of Communications, believes that CPI’s year-on-year increase of 2.9% is a new high in the past four years, and it may also be a high in this year. This year’s Spring Festival holiday is all in February, and consumer demand is strong. At the same time, the low temperature affects food production and supply. Food prices rose by 4.4% year-on-year, an increase of 4.9 percentage points over the previous month, which was the first positive year-on-year growth in the past year. Among them, the prices of eggs, fresh vegetables, fresh fruits and aquatic products rose sharply, with year-on-year increases of 22.5%, 17.7%, 8.7% and 8.7% respectively. In addition, the year-on-year increase of CPI in February last year was only 0.8%, which was the lowest in the whole year. The low base has a significant lifting effect on CPI in the same period this year.

According to estimates, in the year-on-year increase of CPI of 2.9% in February, the impact of price changes last year was about 1.1 percentage points, and the impact of new price increases was about 1.8 percentage points.

In February, both the non-food price and the core CPI were 2.5%, which were 0.5 and 0.6 percentage points higher than the previous month. The tourist season of the Spring Festival has led to a marked increase in the prices related to transportation and tourism, with tourism prices rising by 13.5% year-on-year, in which the prices of air tickets and long-distance bus tickets rose by 19.7% and 5.8% respectively, and the prices charged by travel agencies rose by 12.2%. The price of services rose obviously, with the prices of medical services and domestic services rising by 7.2% and 7.9% respectively.

From a ring-on-ring perspective, in February, CPI rose by 1.2%, an increase of 0.6 percentage points over the previous month, and the ring-on-ring increase hit a new high since February 2016.

"The increase in CPI is larger than that of last month, which is mainly affected by the Spring Festival factor and the low temperature." On the one hand, the nationwide cooling weather affected the production and transportation of some agricultural products. In addition, during the Spring Festival, demand and consumption increased, and food prices rose, which affected the CPI increase by about 0.88 percentage points. Among them, the prices of fresh vegetables and fresh fruits increased by 18.1% and 6.4% respectively; The prices of aquatic products and livestock meat increased by 8.0% and 2.0% respectively, and the total impact of four fresh foods on CPI increased by about 0.82 percentage points. On the other hand, the number of travelers increased around the Spring Festival, which pushed up the price of transportation and tourism.

PPI growth narrowed for four consecutive months.

In February, PPI rose by 3.7% year-on-year, and the growth rate dropped by 0.6 percentage points from last month, which is also the narrowing of PPI growth rate for four consecutive months. Among them, the price of means of production rose by 4.8%, down 0.9 percentage points from last month; The price of means of subsistence rose by 0.3%, the same as last month.

Among the major industries, the non-metallic mineral products industry experienced a decline, rising by 13.0%, down 0.4 percentage points from last month; Ferrous metal smelting and rolling processing industry, up 11.5%, down 3.6 percentage points; Oil, coal and other fuel processing industries rose by 10.0%, down by 0.8 percentage points; Non-ferrous metal smelting and rolling processing industries rose by 7.4% and dropped by 3.0 percentage points; The manufacturing of chemical raw materials and chemical products rose by 6.1%, down by 2.1 percentage points. The above five industries together affected the year-on-year increase of PPI by about 0.57 percentage points. According to estimates, among the 3.7% year-on-year increase in February, the hikes of price changes last year were about 3.5 percentage points, and the impact of new price increases was about 0.2 percentage points.

From the ring comparison, in February, the PPI changed from 0.3% increase in the previous month to 0.1% decrease, which is the first time since July last year that the PPI changed from an increase to a slight decrease. Among them, the prices of means of production decreased by 0.1%, while the prices of means of subsistence remained flat.

This year’s government work report, which is being deliberated and discussed at the two sessions of the National People’s Congress, proposes that in 2018, China will adhere to the means of market-oriented rule of law, strictly implement laws and regulations such as environmental protection, quality and safety, resolve excess production capacity and eliminate backward production capacity. Experts believe that the current PPI growth rate has dropped in cardinal utility, but it will still be supported by de-capacity and environmental protection.

It is unlikely that CPI will continue to rise.

According to the government work report, in 2018, the consumer price in China will increase by about 3%. Whether this goal can be completed on schedule has attracted wide attention from all walks of life.

Sheng Guoqing said that in February, CPI was affected by the Spring Festival. However, considering the fading of "holiday factors", it is expected that the year-on-year increase of CPI will fall back in March.

Deng Haiqing, global chief economist of Kyushu Securities, believes that the year-on-year CPI data in February greatly exceeded market expectations, mainly due to low base and seasonal factors. As cardinal utility and seasonal factors fade, pork prices fall, and crude oil prices have shown a downward trend, the year-on-year CPI data will gradually decline, and high inflation is unlikely to occur in 2018.

From the perspective of PPI, Lian Ping believes that the year-on-year increase of PPI will be significantly lower than that of last year, as the PPI has dropped from the previous month and the new price increase factor has weakened. The main factors that affect the PPI trend are the hikes and the policy-limited production factors. The hikes are high in the first half of the year and low in the second half of the year, so it is more likely that the PPI increase will decrease as a whole. It is considered that the work of de-capacity will continue to advance, environmental protection and limited production will increase, and the prices of industrial products with large de-capacity, such as steel and cement, will not drop significantly in the short term, which will support product prices. Therefore, this year’s PPI increase may be significantly lower than last year, but there is little possibility of a year-on-year negative growth.

Lian Ping said that the comprehensive trend of CPI and PPI shows that it is expected that the difference between them will continue to narrow in the future, and the overall price operation will be moderate, which will provide a better environment for China’s economy to shift from high-speed growth to high-quality development, and on the other hand, it will leave flexible space for macro-policy operation. (Reporter Lin Huocan)

Pay attention to these 10 rights and interests formulas that office workers must learn! Can protect your money bag

　　CCTV News:How to calculate the daily wage and hourly wage? How much should I get for working overtime on holidays and rest days? Sick, how to calculate sick pay? How to calculate the compensation if the legitimate rights and interests are infringed?

　　Xiaobian combs out 10 formulas for labor rights and interests for you, each of which is related to the money bag. Let’s take a look!

　　Calculation formula of daily wage and hourly wage

　　The calculation of daily wages and hourly wages of employees is not determined according to the actual working days or hours of workers every month and day, but according to the monthly paid days and paid hours stipulated by the state.

　　Monthly paid days =(365 days -104 days) ÷12=21.75 days

　　Daily wage = monthly wage income ÷21.75

　　Hourly wage = monthly wage income ÷ (monthly paid days ×8 hours)

　　Calculation formula of overtime pay on rest days

　　Overtime pay per day on legal holidays = overtime pay base ÷21.75×300%.

　　Overtime pay per day for annual leave = overtime pay base ÷21.75×300%

　　Calculation formula of overtime pay for extended working hours

　　If an employer arranges laborers to work outside the standard working hours according to law, it shall pay overtime wages according to the following standards: if the working hours are extended outside the standard working hours, overtime wages shall be paid at least 150% of the hourly wage base.

　　When determining the calculation base of overtime wages, if there is a clear agreement on wages in the labor contract, it shall be determined according to the wage standard not lower than the corresponding post of the laborer. If there is no clear agreement on wages in the labor contract, it shall be implemented according to the collective contract.

　　Calculation formula of economic compensation

　　Economic compensation is a one-time economic subsidy paid by the employer to the workers after the termination of the labor contract.　　

　　The economic compensation shall be paid to the laborer according to the standard of paying one month’s salary for each full year:

　　For more than six months but less than one year, it shall be counted as one year;

　　If it is less than six months, economic compensation of half a month’s salary shall be paid to the workers.

　　Calculation formula of compensation

　　Compensation is the compensation that the employer needs to pay to the laborer according to law after infringing on the legitimate rights and interests of the laborer.

　　The Labor Contract Law stipulates that if an employer commits any of the following acts that infringe upon the legitimate rights and interests of workers, it shall be ordered to pay wages and economic compensation to the workers, and may be ordered to pay compensation to the workers equivalent to 1 to 5 times the sum of wages and economic compensation:

　　(1) Deducting or delaying the wages of workers without reason;

　　(2) Refusing to pay workers wages for extended working hours;

　　(3) Paying workers’ wages below the local minimum wage standard;

　　(four) after the termination of the labor contract, the laborer is not given economic compensation in accordance with the provisions of laws and regulations. The employer shall be ordered to pay economic compensation to the workers in accordance with the relevant provisions.

　　Article 87 of the Labor Contract Law stipulates: "If the employing unit dissolves or terminates the labor contract in violation of the provisions of this law, it shall pay compensation to the laborer at twice the economic compensation standard stipulated in Article 47 of this law."

　　The specific situation is as follows:

　　(1) If the wage income of the laborer is lost, it shall be paid to the laborer according to the wage income due to the laborer himself, and the compensation fee of 25% of the wage income due shall be paid;

　　(2) If the loss of labor protection benefits is caused to the workers, the labor protection allowances and supplies of the workers shall be supplemented according to the provisions of the state;

　　(3) In case of workers’ work-related injuries and medical treatment losses, in addition to providing workers with work-related injuries and medical treatment according to state regulations, they should also pay compensation equivalent to 25% of medical expenses;

　　(4) If the health of female workers and underage workers is damaged, in addition to providing medical treatment during the treatment according to state regulations, compensation equivalent to 25% of their medical expenses shall be paid;

　　(5) Other compensation expenses agreed in the labor contract.

　　Calculation formula of sick pay

　　If the employee’s sick leave or non-work-related injury lasts for less than 6 months, the enterprise shall pay the sick leave salary according to the following standards:

　　1. If the continuous length of service is less than 2 years, it will be paid at 60% of my salary.

　　2. If the continuous working age is over 2 years and less than 4 years, it will be paid at 70% of my salary.

　　3. If the continuous working age is over 4 years and less than 6 years, it will be calculated according to 80% of my salary.

　　4. If the continuous working age is over 6 years and less than 8 years, it will be paid according to 90% of my salary.

　　5. Those who have worked continuously for 8 years or more shall be paid 100% of their salary.

　　Employees who have been on vacation for more than 6 months due to illness or non-work-related injuries shall be paid by the enterprise for disease relief:

　　1 continuous length of service less than 1 year, according to my salary of 40%.

　　2. If the length of continuous service is over 1 year and less than 3 years, it will be paid according to 50% of my salary.

　　3. Those who have worked continuously for 3 years or more shall be paid 60% of their salary.

　　Calculation formula of maternity allowance

　　1. Maternity allowance: calculated by dividing the payment base of the month when the female employee gives birth by 30 and multiplying it by the number of days of maternity leave.

　　2. Maternity allowance is the salary of female employees during maternity leave. If the maternity allowance is lower than my salary standard, the difference will be made up by the enterprise.

　　Calculation formula of probation salary

　　Article 20 of the Labor Contract Law stipulates that the salary of a worker during the probation period shall not be lower than the lowest salary of the same position in the unit or 80% of the salary agreed in the labor contract, and shall not be lower than the minimum wage standard where the employer is located.

　　The calculation formula of double salary:

　　The calculation method of the applicable prescription for double wages is: when a worker claims double wages, the prescription can be calculated one year from the date when he claims his rights. The double salary actually paid shall not exceed twelve months.

　　 The amount of double wages shall be calculated according to the wages that the employer should normally pay at the corresponding time when the labor contract is not concluded.

　　In addition, it is a continuation of the legal situation that the female employee’s labor contract expires during pregnancy, childbirth and lactation during the prescribed medical treatment period, even if the employer fails to renew the labor contract in time, it is not necessary to pay double wages.

　　Calculation formula of leaving fee for settlement in exit place

　　According to the relevant policies and regulations, all employees who do not meet the retirement conditions and are allowed to settle abroad should report in writing to their original work units or subordinate management institutions before leaving the country, and go through the formalities of resignation, dissolution or termination of labor contracts, termination of pension insurance relations, etc., and the original work units can issue them a one-time resignation fee. The standard is:

　　1. For those who have worked continuously for one year to ten years, their standard salary will be paid for one month each year;

　　2. For those who have worked continuously for more than ten years, starting from the eleventh year, I will be paid a standard salary of one and a half months for each full year of service;

　　3. If the continuous length of service is less than one year, it will be paid for one month, but the total amount of severance payment will not exceed my standard salary of 24 months.

One new Covid-19 infected person was found in Dongcheng District, Beijing, and the details were announced.

According to the message of "Healthy Dongcheng" WeChat in WeChat official account, from 0: 00 to 15: 00 on October 11th, a new COVID-19 virus-infected person arrived in Beijing from other provinces and cities on October 8th, and has been transferred to designated medical institutions. The relevant information is hereby notified as follows:

First, the main risk points

October 8 th

11:00— At 09:00 the next day, the security dormitory outside Baoxingzhuang Village, Liulihe Town, Fangshan District.

October 9th.

12:00— 12:30, Lechao Business Club (west of the south area of Jiugong Xinyuan, Jiuzhong Road, Daxing District)

14:00— 14:30, No.8 Diamond KTV (Xihongmen Branch)

19:18— At 13:30 the next day, Meilian Hotel (No.22 Hongxing Hutong, Dongcheng District)

21:30— At 21:40, the nucleic acid sampling point on the west side of No.68 Jinbao Street.

22:15— 23:00, Four Seasons Minfu Roasted Duck Restaurant (dengshikou Branch)

Please report to the community, work unit and hotel where you live and cooperate with the implementation of various prevention and control measures.

II. Disposal of epidemic situation

In response to the epidemic situation in the area, Dongcheng District continued to do its best to deal with the epidemic situation with the most determined attitude, the most powerful measures and the fastest action. First, speed up the traceability of epidemic regulation, make good use of the mechanism of "one case, one specialized class", quickly identify risk personnel and risk points, implement various prevention and control measures from quick to fine, further dig deep into fine discharge, find out the screening, and block the spread of the epidemic as quickly as possible. The second is to do a good job in the service guarantee of isolated personnel, take the initiative to meet the needs of the masses, and do a good job in warm-hearted service. Third, continue to carry out epidemic prevention inspections in public places such as communities, supermarkets, entertainment and fitness, and weave a safety net for epidemic prevention and control. The fourth is to strengthen the publicity of epidemic prevention and control policies and measures, and guide the public to implement epidemic risk prevention measures such as code scanning, inspection, wearing masks, and nucleic acid testing.

Protecting the health and safety of the city is also protecting your own health and safety. The general public are requested to earnestly fulfill their personal epidemic prevention responsibilities. Those who enter and return to Beijing strictly implement the epidemic prevention policy, take the initiative to report to the relevant departments such as communities and units, and do personal protection on the way. If there is a risk of epidemic, they will cooperate with the implementation of epidemic prevention measures on the spot and suspend their return to Beijing. After returning to Beijing, we will carry out two tests for three days, complete a nucleic acid test within 24 hours after arriving in Beijing, and complete the second nucleic acid test within 24 hours and 72 hours after the interval. We will not have dinner, get together or go to crowded places within 7 days. I hope everyone will continue to understand, support and cooperate with various epidemic prevention policies, consciously fulfill their epidemic prevention obligations, and jointly build a strong defense line for epidemic prevention and control.

Nucleic acid testing institutions have successively faked？ National Health Commission responded.

9401669765404497

Figure | China Network

Source | Cybertron Equipment　

Author | Qinjiu Dongtai

On the afternoon of November 29th, the press conference of the State Council Joint Defense and Control Mechanism was held. National Health Commission responded to the recent incidents in which nucleic acid testing institutions were seriously dealt with because of fraud and other acts:

"For nucleic acid testing, we have always strictly controlled the access and quality of testing qualifications, constantly optimized technical specifications, and focused on strengthening the supervision of testing institutions, including third-party testing institutions. Since the beginning of this year, the health administrative departments in Beijing, Hefei, Anhui, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, Xuchang, Henan, Inner Mongolia and other places have found some illegal problems in the supervision of testing institutions, and all of them have been severely punished. Some illegal institutions and individuals have also been investigated for criminal responsibility.

In the next step, we will continue to strengthen supervision, and resolutely deal with serious violations of the law by issuing false test reports. "

In the past few days, nucleic acid detection has been caught in the whirlpool of public opinion, while Shenzhen nuclear gene is the whirlpool in the whirlpool.

01　Constant violations and "expansion"?

On November 25th, a notice from Lanzhou Health and Health Commission became the focus of public opinion.

According to the notification, at 1 o’clock on November 24, the staff of Lanzhou Nuclear Huaxi Laboratory mistakenly entered the list information of individuals with abnormal nucleic acid testing into the negative personnel information package and uploaded it to the work system, so that the health code of individual persons to be transported showed negative nucleic acid testing. Lanzhou Health and Health Commission said that Lanzhou Nuclear Huaxi Laboratory will be dealt with seriously.

49301669765405229

Enterprise investigation shows that this Lanzhou Nuclear Huaxi Laboratory (hereinafter referred to as "Lanzhou Huaxi") was established just over three months ago. Just over a year ago, Lanzhou Huaxi’s brother company, Jinan Huaxi Medical Inspection Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as "Jinan Huaxi"), was notified by the Health and Health Commission of Xingtai City, Hebei Province for its nucleic acid detection fraud.

It has been observed that since 2020, laboratories related to nuclear Hua Xi have been punished many times.

99651669765405283

The parent company of these involved companies is Shenzhen Nuclear Gene Technology Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as Shenzhen Nuclear Gene), and the founder is Zhang Nuclear. According to the industrial and commercial data, the actual controllers of more than 30 medical inspection laboratories under the Nuclear Gene are all Zhang Hezhen, and Zhang Shanshan is the supervisor of more than 10 of them.

Since 2022, 16 medical laboratories have been opened for nuclear genes, 8 of which were established in October.

According to "Nuclear Gene Group" WeChat official account, in 1990, Zhang He was admitted to China Medical University and became the first batch of DNA identification graduate students in China. After graduation, shenzhen public introduced high-tech talents to shenzhen public to organize the earliest DNA identification center in China.　

After leaving the Public Security Bureau, he started his own business and set up Shenzhen Hongshi Villa Decoration Company. In 2012, Shenzhen Nuclear Gene Technology Co., Ltd. was established. In 2013, Zhang Nuclear established Guangdong Huaxi Forensic Material Evidence Judicial Appraisal Institute, and established the first laboratory with the qualification of judicial appraisal license.

Zhang Hezhen once said: "There are many companies doing genetic testing now, but there are actually only two types of companies in the market today, 3% are reliable, 97% are unreliable, and I only do 3%."

02　The track is "overcrowded" and accounts receivable have increased substantially.

An epidemic situation made the subdivision track of nucleic acid detection instantly become a crowded "square", and the detection level became uneven under the crowd.

According to the incomplete statistics of People’s Daily Health Client, at least 10 nucleic acid detection institutions in 7 places have been put on file for investigation, notification or punishment this year, involving Beijing, Hefei, Anhui, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, Xuchang, Henan, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, Kunming, Yunnan and Lanzhou, Gansu.

Since June this year, documents have been issued continuously at the national level to strengthen the supervision of nucleic acid detection and ensure the accuracy of test results. On June 2, the State Council Joint Prevention and Control Mechanism issued the Notice on Further Strengthening the Whole Chain Supervision of Nucleic Acid Testing in Covid-19, which will strictly manage the qualifications of testing institutions and personnel, standardize the management of sample collection, preservation and transshipment, strengthen the daily supervision and management of nucleic acid testing institutions, strengthen the supervision of nucleic acid testing institutions in emergency and other aspects, and directly revoke the Practice License of Medical Institutions by setting up a "traffic light" for the entry and exit mechanism of nucleic acid testing institutions.

On June 7th, National Medical Products Administration issued a notice to further strengthen the quality and safety supervision of detection reagent products in Covid-19 to ensure product quality and safety and effectively serve the overall situation of epidemic prevention and control.

The sudden "expansion" of the track stems from the attraction of huge demand.

Since 2020, as an important member to undertake the task of nucleic acid detection, the status of third-party medical testing institutions has greatly jumped, and the industry has undergone earth-shaking changes.

According to the statistics of orient securities, the market scale of nucleic acid detection in China will reach 13.2 billion yuan in 2021, with a year-on-year increase of +9.1%. According to the forecast of CBinsights, the market scale is expected to reach 14.6 billion yuan in 2022, showing a rapid growth trend. According to the data of enterprise investigation, there are 1702 enterprises related to medical testing in China, including about 145 new enterprises related to medical testing this year, and the investment of enterprises continues to increase.

Taking the head enterprise as an example, in the first three quarters of 2022, Dean Diagnostics realized revenue of 15.63 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 67.37%; The net profit of returning to the mother was 2.428 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 96.94%. The substantial increase in performance is mainly due to the growth of inspection business.

The data shows that the diagnostic service business grew rapidly, with revenue of 9.875 billion yuan, up 117% year-on-year, and revenue excluding COVID-19 business was 3.485 billion yuan, up 20% year-on-year. It can be seen that COVID-19’s business growth is obviously faster than that of regular business, which is an important driving factor for revenue growth.

Compared with 2019, the annual revenue of Dean Diagnostics was 8.453 billion yuan, and the net profit returned to the mother was 347 million yuan. After the epidemic "Black Swan" flew in, the figures on Dean’s report card of diagnostic profit have multiplied several times on the basis of a larger base.

Another leading enterprise, Jinyu Medicine, also achieved a large performance growth this year. In the first three quarters of 2022, the operating income of Jinyu Medical was 12.208 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 41.67%; The net profit of returning to the mother was 2.448 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 46.41%. The increasing demand for laboratory tests is also the main reason for the rapid growth of Jinyu medical business.

But behind the 10 billion revenue, the real data is not as optimistic as it seems.

Relevant performance reports show that as of the end of September this year, Dean’s diagnosed accounts receivable rose to 10.754 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 71.02%. The accounts receivable of Jinyu Medical also reached 7.433 billion yuan, accounting for 60% of the revenue in the same period.

From the perspective of accounts receivable accounting for total assets, in 2019, Dean diagnosed that accounts receivable accounted for 30.98% of total assets, and in the first half of 2022, accounts receivable accounted for 51.15% of total assets.

It has been observed that the sharp increase of accounts receivable widely exists in enterprises that operate COVID-19 detection related reagents and provide nucleic acid detection services.

Many enterprises responded that the status quo of accounts receivable basically matched the characteristics of business model and the growth of income scale. Because accounts receivable mainly came from medical institutions and the government, the risk of bad debts was low and the overall risk of bad debts was controllable. However, there are also media reports that some enterprises are under greater pressure to pay back the money, and a few small enterprises have greater cash flow risks.

In addition to the income from testing in COVID-19, the routine business of head enterprises has also achieved a certain degree of growth in the past two years. In the first half of 2022, the revenue from the diagnosis service business excluding COVID-19 business of Dean Diagnostics was 4.014 billion yuan, an increase of 31.97% compared with the same period of last year and 37.69% compared with the same period of 2019.

However, it is an obvious fact that the original conventional market for nucleic acid detection cannot bear such a large scale of business. When it returns to normal, the existing market scale will shrink sharply, and the huge production capacity and personnel blindly expanded due to the epidemic will be difficult to digest and absorb.

Once the lucrative scenery is unsustainable, how to "land" is the biggest problem facing these enterprises.

-　END –

Notice of China National Intellectual Property Administration Municipality on Printing and Distributing the Fourteenth Five-Year Plan for Intellectual Property Talents

Guo zhi fa ren zi [2021] No.38

Intellectual Property Offices of all provinces, autonomous regions, municipalities directly under the Central Government, cities under separate state planning, sub-provincial cities, Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Sichuan Intellectual Property Service Promotion Center and relevant local centers; All departments of China National Intellectual Property Administration Bureau, all departments of the Patent Office, the Trademark Office, other directly affiliated units of the Bureau and various social organizations:

　　The 14th Five-Year Plan for Intellectual Property Talents is hereby issued to you, please implement it carefully.

China National Intellectual Property Administration　　　　

December 31, 2021　　

The 14th Five-Year Plan for Intellectual Property Talents

　　In order to strengthen the construction of intellectual property talent team, stimulate the innovation vitality of the whole society, and provide talent support for building a world-class intellectual property power with China characteristics, this plan is formulated according to the Outline for the Construction of a Powerful Intellectual Property Power (2021-2035) and the National Plan for the Protection and Utilization of Intellectual Property Rights in the Tenth Five-Year Plan.

　　I. Planning background

　　Talent is an important indicator to measure a country’s comprehensive national strength and a strategic resource to realize national rejuvenation and win the initiative of international competition. Intellectual property talents are the first resource for the development of intellectual property, the prerequisite for the high-quality development of intellectual property, and the strategic support for the construction of a strong intellectual property country. With the continuous development of China’s intellectual property cause, China has embarked on a road of intellectual property development with China characteristics, and made historic achievements in intellectual property protection. The work of intellectual property talents has successfully completed the work objectives during the Thirteenth Five-Year Plan period, the institutional mechanism and policy environment for the development of intellectual property talents have been further optimized, and the national intellectual property talent team has grown rapidly, reaching 690,000, and the talent structure has become more reasonable. The "five batches" of talents in urgent need of intellectual property rights have been basically formed, the ability and quality of talents have been comprehensively improved, the implementation effect of talent engineering projects has been obvious, the talent evaluation mechanism has been continuously improved, and the intellectual property specialty has been added to the national economic title series, and remarkable progress has been made in the work of intellectual property talents. However, there are still some shortcomings and problems in the work of intellectual property talents, the work system of intellectual property talents needs to be further improved, the mechanism of intellectual property talents training, evaluation and incentive, and mobile allocation needs to be further improved, the structure of intellectual property talents is not optimized enough, the number of high-level intellectual property talents is insufficient, and the contradiction between supply and demand of intellectual property talents still exists to some extent.

　　The Tenth Five-Year Plan period is the first five years for China to start a new journey of building a socialist modernized country in an all-round way. In order to ensure a good start in building a strong intellectual property country, we have formulated and implemented the intellectual property talent plan during the Tenth Five-Year Plan period, trained a large number of high-quality intellectual property talents with both ability and political integrity with more active talent policies, clearer tasks and more powerful safeguard measures, and made the innovation vitality of all kinds of intellectual property talents compete with generate. Provide talent support for the completion of the "14th Five-Year Plan" for the protection and application of intellectual property rights in 2025, lay a talent foundation for the completion of the "Outline for the Construction of a Powerful Intellectual Property Country (2021-2035)" in 2035, and support the strategy of strengthening the country with talents in the new era.

　　Second, the overall requirements

　　(1) Guiding ideology.

　　Guided by Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought of the Supreme Leader in the New Era, we will thoroughly implement the spirit of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China and the Second, Third, Fourth, Fifth and Sixth Plenary Sessions of the 19th National Congress, closely focus on promoting the overall layout of the "five in one" and the coordinated promotion of the "four comprehensive" strategic layout, adhere to the general tone of striving for progress while maintaining stability, base ourselves on the new development stage, implement the new development concept, build a new development pattern, and adhere to the theme of promoting high-quality development. In accordance with the spirit of the important instructions of the Central Talent Work Conference and the Supreme Leader General Secretary on attaching importance to the construction of intellectual property talents, we will continue to ensure the supply of intellectual property talents and innovate the development policy of intellectual property talents. Adhere to the Party’s overall leadership over talent work, create an environment of knowing, loving, respecting and using talents, gather talents from all over the world, cultivate and use talents in an all-round way, comprehensively improve the training, evaluation and growth system of intellectual property talents, and open up the whole chain of intellectual property talents work.

　　(2) Basic principles.

　　-Adhere to talents leading development. Give top priority to the development of human resources, regard intellectual property talents as the most basic, core and key factor in building a strong intellectual property country, raise the important position of intellectual property talents to a strategic height, vigorously build intellectual property talents, and strive to consolidate the talent base for intellectual property development, so as to push the construction of a strong intellectual property country to a new level.

　　-adhere to demand orientation. Focusing on the goal of building a strong country with intellectual property rights, we should be demand-oriented, improve the supply capacity of talents, do a good job in independent training of talents, maintain a scientific balance between supply and demand of intellectual property talents, and focus on solving key problems in the process of training and using intellectual property talents.

　　-Adhere to both quality and efficiency. Focusing on improving the ability, quality and use efficiency of talents, we should adhere to the combination of excellent increment and strong stock, improve the working system of intellectual property talents, implement policies, measures and engineering projects to improve the use efficiency of talents, and strengthen the deep connection and integration of talent training and talent evaluation.

　　-Adhere to systematic advancement. Make overall plans for the classified training, scientific evaluation, efficient use, rational flow and stimulating growth of intellectual property talents, combine overall planning with key promotion, integrate superior resources, and improve the systematic, holistic and collaborative level of intellectual property talents training in the new era.

　　(3) Main objectives.

　　During the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, the overall goal of intellectual property talents’ work is to comprehensively integrate the working resources of intellectual property talents, improve the coordinated development mechanism of talents in all fields of intellectual property rights, promote the construction of intellectual property talents in the whole chain, and build and improve the intellectual property talents system that meets the needs of building a strong intellectual property country in the new era, so that talent training can meet all kinds of needs in all fields, links and levels of intellectual property rights. Strengthen the high-quality training of intellectual property talents, increase the supply of talents, improve the evaluation and incentive mechanism of talents, improve the efficiency of talent use, strive to create a high-end platform conducive to the growth and development of talents, and comprehensively improve the quality and level of talents. By 2025, the number of intellectual property talents will exceed 1 million, the number of high-level talents will further grow, the talent structure will be further optimized, and the effectiveness of talents will continue to increase.

　　Focusing on meeting the needs of all kinds of intellectual property talents, we will do a good job in building four key talent teams and one basic talent team. Build a professional and high-level intellectual property protection talent team with high political quality and strong business ability; Create a team of talents who can promote the capitalization and industrialization of intellectual property rights and use intellectual property rights efficiently; Cultivate a compound high-quality intellectual property public service talent team with disciplines such as science, engineering, management and law; Cultivate and select an international intellectual property talent team with international vision, rich international exchange experience and ability to handle international affairs. At the same time, strengthen the construction of basic talents at all levels such as intellectual property review and publicity.

Main indicators of intellectual property talents development during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period

Main indicators of intellectual property talents development during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period

　　III. Main tasks

　　(1) Strengthen the capacity building of intellectual property protection talents and push intellectual property protection to a new level. Accelerate the upgrading of the personnel capacity of the intellectual property administrative protection team, and increase the training and training of national and local intellectual property administrative protection personnel. Building a team of teachers for administrative protection of intellectual property rights. Strictly implement the system of appointment and qualification management for intellectual property administrative adjudication personnel, and carry out rotation training for certified personnel in the national intellectual property system to improve their ability and level of handling administrative adjudication cases. We will build a talent team of technical investigators for administrative protection of intellectual property rights, promote the establishment of a directory of intellectual property appraisers, and strengthen the cultivation of professional and technical capabilities.

　　Enrich the talent strength of intellectual property protection center, rapid rights protection center and rights protection assistance center. Improve the level of professional ability, optimize the talent selection mechanism and management incentive mechanism, increase the training of rapid pre-examination, rapid confirmation and rapid rights protection of intellectual property rights, promote the improvement of the ability and quality of rapid collaborative protection talents, and build a high-quality and compound talent team for intellectual property protection. Encourage and support public lawyers, patent agents, professional and technical personnel to participate in intellectual property mediation. Strengthen the professional training of intellectual property rights of mediators and other related talents.

　　(two) to improve the ability level of intellectual property rights, and promote the use of intellectual property rights to achieve new results. Optimize the training system of intellectual property operation talents, design progressive courses and carry out intellectual property operation training according to the concept of intellectual property operation based on the whole process of innovation. Guide the intellectual property operation service system to build key cities and strengthen the training of high-end operation talents. Improve the financial services capabilities of relevant institutions and personnel such as intellectual property pledge, insurance and securitization, and improve the level of intellectual property evaluation. Strengthen the construction of intellectual property talents in enterprises, guide local governments to carry out classified training for senior managers, intellectual property managers and intellectual property practitioners. Promote intellectual property talents in universities and scientific research institutions to improve their operational management capabilities, and substantially increase the number of intellectual property talents in universities and scientific research institutions. Strengthen the training of patent navigation talents, and gradually improve the work level of patent navigation talents. All regions should strengthen the construction of talent team in patent navigation service base, build a characteristic, standardized and effective patent navigation service system, and effectively play an important role in the innovation and development of patent navigation industry. Organize special training on the application of geographical indications and the cultivation of trademark brands, improve the comprehensive application ability of geographical indications and trademark brands, and help rural revitalization and brand economic development.

　　Improve the talent training system of intellectual property service industry to help innovation and development. Strengthen the construction of talent team in intellectual property service industry and cultivate top-notch talents in the industry. Enrich the training methods of talents in intellectual property service industry. Establish a talent exchange and cooperation mechanism to guide intellectual property service talents in developed areas to help underdeveloped areas. Strengthen the professional training of patent agents and professional training of trademark agents.

　　(3) Strengthen the training of intellectual property public service personnel and promote intellectual property services to a new level. With the concept of "full chain service, full chain service", we will cultivate a group of multi-level and high-quality intellectual property public service talents who can effectively serve the public and meet the needs of innovative subjects. Combined with the characteristics of public service institutions and regional needs, we will further enrich the public service talents of intellectual property public service backbone nodes and service outlets, and achieve full coverage of all kinds of intellectual property public service talents at the provincial level, with the coverage rate of prefecture-level cities reaching more than 50%. Strengthen hierarchical and classified training, strengthen the exchange and cooperation and sharing of intellectual property public service talents, and promote the rational flow and efficient gathering of talents.

　　Improve the overall management ability of intellectual property public services and continuously improve the efficiency of intellectual property public services. Strengthen the training of intellectual property information service talents, improve the talents’ abilities in intellectual property information management, information collection and processing, information retrieval and information analysis, information dissemination and utilization, and continuously expand the intellectual property information service talents of universities, scientific research institutions, library and information institutions, industry organizations and other network units, with the number of intellectual property information service talents reaching about 4,000. Strengthen the capacity building of window personnel in intellectual property business, vigorously cultivate "multi-functional" talents, and constantly improve the ability of window service personnel to "run all services through one window". We will continue to promote the construction of intellectual property network talents, improve the classified management, training, use, assessment and development guarantee mechanism of network talents, and promote the combination of independent training and talent introduction.

　　(4) Accelerate the upgrading of intellectual property internationalization talents’ ability and promote new progress in international cooperation in intellectual property. Implement the special training plan for international talents, and build an international talent training system with clear positioning, clear objectives, distinct levels, mutual connection and efficient operation. Strengthen the selection and training of international talents, such as expatriate international talents, foreign-related teachers of intellectual property rights, and international examiners, and improve the construction of talent pool. Promote the diversified development of international personnel training methods, make full use of training resources at home and abroad, and send personnel to participate in overseas (border) training programs. Actively explore international intellectual property training programs. Combined with the actual needs of Chinese enterprises’ outward development, we will carry out special training for international talents in the field of intellectual property operation and intellectual property agency, and strengthen the construction of talent teams such as international negotiation and overseas rights protection. Accelerate the knowledge update of international talents and encourage participation in the study of international rules of intellectual property rights. All regions should strengthen the training of international talents, cultivate a team of overseas professionals who are familiar with the rules of the international intellectual property system and have rich practical experience, and enhance the ability to deal with overseas intellectual property disputes.

　　Strengthen the international exchange of intellectual property talents. We will continue to provide an exercise platform for international talents training through the cooperation between the World Intellectual Property Organization, China, the United States, Europe, Japan and South Korea, the BRICS and the international cooperation projects of various bilateral platforms, help talents accumulate experience in international cooperation, improve their international cooperation capabilities, and cultivate, introduce and make good use of international talents in all directions.

　　(5) Strengthen the capacity building of basic intellectual property talents and constantly lay a solid foundation for intellectual property work.

　　Recruit, train, use, develop, manage and stabilize the registered talent team for intellectual property review. Formulate and implement a plan to improve the ability of patent examination talents, clarify the objectives and key points, and implement graded training. Strengthen the post training of patent examination talents. Establish an evaluation and feedback mechanism for the training effect of patent examination talents. Improve the recruitment and employment mechanism of trademark examiners. According to business needs, dynamically adjust staffing. Establish a training target system for trademark examiners. Explore the establishment of a hierarchical management system for trademark examiners. Construct an "expert" talent team composed of 100 people for trademark examination and hearing.

　　Strengthen the publicity of intellectual property rights and the construction of cultural talents. Cultivate a group of politically competent, high-quality, all-media, compound and expert intellectual property propaganda talents, strengthen the construction of propaganda ability, and focus on cultivating communication concepts, information content, technology application and communication ability. Train 1000 people in batches to publicize the national intellectual property system. Strengthen the publicity and education of intellectual property protection, and tell the story of intellectual property rights in China. Focus on training and selecting a group of primary and secondary school intellectual property teachers with rich teaching experience and solid professional skills. Strengthen the construction of intellectual property legal talents, and cultivate legal talents with profound intellectual property legal knowledge, good political literacy and professional ethics, and be able to skillfully apply legal theoretical knowledge to intellectual property practice. Strengthen the training of public lawyers, and all regions should focus on training public lawyers with rich practical experience in intellectual property rights to improve the level of intellectual property legal services.

　　Fourth, key projects

　　(a) intellectual property personnel training base construction project. Set up a number of national intellectual property talent training bases to cultivate high-level compound talents. Explore the training mode of intellectual property talents in Industry-University-Research, which is jointly participated by universities, enterprises and intellectual property service institutions, establish a demand-oriented joint training mechanism for intellectual property talents, and form a platform for intellectual property talents training and exchange. Implement the dynamic adjustment of the national intellectual property training base, further optimize the layout of the base and improve the quality of the base. Create a number of demonstration intellectual property personnel training programs, promote the "progressive" series of training, and improve the project quality evaluation mechanism and achievement promotion mechanism. All regions should strengthen the management of local intellectual property training bases, and form a clear-cut base system with national bases.

　　(two) the construction project of intellectual property network training course. Actively explore new forms and methods of intellectual property training, adapt to the development trend of digitalization, networking and intelligence, focus on promoting the construction of online course system of China intellectual property distance education platform, launch a number of online excellent courses, build an open and shared intellectual property online course database, and improve the scientificity, standardization and effectiveness of online training. Guide local governments to carry out online training for administrative personnel and realize full-time rotation training. All regions should develop a number of courses with intellectual property characteristics in light of local work practice.

　　(three) intellectual property talents highland construction project. Combine the national and regional major strategies, highlight the characteristics, and guide the development of regional intellectual property talents by classification. Promote the construction of high-level intellectual property talents highland in Beijing, Shanghai and Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, carry out regional and industrial demand forecasting of intellectual property talents, explore and draw a map of talent supply status and future demand, and form an annual statistical report on intellectual property talents. Encourage and support the construction of a platform to attract and gather talents in central cities where high-level intellectual property talents are concentrated. Carry out the work related to the service area and industrial development of intellectual property experts. Promote the docking of intellectual property talents with preferential policies for regional talents.

　　(four) the construction project of intellectual property think tank expert database. Give full play to the role of the National Intellectual Property Expert Advisory Committee, and provide strategic advice for the overall, key and forward-looking issues of intellectual property development. China National Intellectual Property Administration research institutions should strengthen exchanges with universities, scientific research institutions and local intellectual property management departments, and carry out theoretical and practical research. Encourage and guide universities and social institutions to build intellectual property think tanks. All regions should strengthen the construction of intellectual property characteristic think tanks and build a multi-level and high-level intellectual property think tank system. Refine the classification of intellectual property expert database and improve the categories of experts in geographical indications, trade secrets, traditional knowledge, traditional culture and other fields. Effectively streamline the talent hat, optimize and integrate all kinds of intellectual property talent plans, strengthen the training and use of intellectual property leading talents and high-level talents, and build a team of "high, precise and sharp" intellectual property talents.

　　(five) the evaluation project of intellectual property titles. Actively promote the reform of the title system of intellectual property rights, support local governments to formulate evaluation standards and conditions for intellectual property professional and technical personnel, and scientifically determine the evaluation content to meet the evaluation needs of professional and technical personnel at different levels. Strengthen the information management of professional title evaluation, and establish a national intellectual property title evaluation service network platform. Where conditions permit, it is necessary to establish an intellectual property senior title evaluation committee, innovate the title evaluation mechanism, and enrich the title evaluation methods.

　　(six) intellectual property professional degree setting support projects. Fully understanding the professional degree education is an important way to train talents who are in urgent need in the construction of a strong intellectual property country, speeding up the establishment of intellectual property professional degrees, giving full play to the important role of colleges and universities in the cultivation of intellectual property talents, and meeting the needs of the construction of a strong intellectual property country for high-level talents. Scientifically set up the curriculum system of intellectual property professional degree, closely combine the basic theoretical study of intellectual property with practical skills training, and focus on cultivating the practical ability of intellectual property talents. Promote the joint construction of intellectual property colleges and research institutes in the central region and explore new ways to train intellectual property talents.

　　V. Organization and implementation

　　(1) Strengthen organizational leadership. The national intellectual property system should attach great importance to the work of intellectual property talents, strengthen organizational leadership, improve the working mechanism, take effective measures, and fully implement the tasks of talent planning and deployment. The leading departments of various tasks should formulate implementation plans and promotion plans. Intellectual property management departments in various regions should combine local work practice, refine objectives and tasks, and clarify work responsibilities.

　　(2) Increase investment in resources. Adhere to the concept of giving priority to the development of talents, increase investment in intellectual property personnel training, strive for the support of special state funds, strengthen the protection of urgently needed talents and key projects, and comprehensively strengthen support for talent work from the aspects of manpower, financial resources and policies.

　　(3) create a good environment. Vigorously publicize the significance of implementing talent planning, and deeply interpret the guiding ideology, basic principles, objectives and tasks. Strengthen the positive encouragement of talent growth, create a development environment conducive to the entrepreneurship of talent officers, let the cause inspire talents, and let talents achieve their careers.

　　(4) Pay close attention to the implementation of the work. Strengthen the tracking and monitoring of the implementation of talent planning, do a good job in the evaluation of talent planning implementation, sum up and popularize typical experiences and practices, find problems in the implementation of talent planning in time and study and solve countermeasures, and earnestly strengthen supervision and inspection to ensure the implementation of tasks.

National Health and Wellness Commission： The total number of nucleic acid detection in China is 90.41 million／serving, and 3.78 million people／serving can be detected every day.

　　CCTV News:On June 24th, the State Council Joint Prevention and Control Mechanism held a press conference on nucleic acid detection and public health tips during the Dragon Boat Festival holiday.

　　At the press conference, Guo Yanhong, inspector of the Medical Administration and Hospital Authority of the National Health and Wellness Commission, introduced that the nucleic acid detection capacity of medical and health institutions nationwide has been greatly improved compared with the beginning of March. In terms of testing institutions, the number has increased from 2,081 in early March to 4,804 now, an increase of 131%. Among them, there are 2120 tertiary hospitals, 1350 secondary hospitals, 916 disease control institutions and 418 independent medical laboratories. In terms of technicians, the total number of technicians engaged in nucleic acid detection has also increased from 13,900 to 28,500, an increase of 104%. In terms of detection capacity, the national nucleic acid detection capacity has increased from 1.26 million people/serving in early March to 3.78 million people/serving at present, an increase of 200%.As of June 22, the cumulative data of nucleic acid detection in medical and health institutions nationwide reached 90.41 million people/copy.. From these data, we can see that China’s nucleic acid detection ability has been greatly improved.

Ministry of Industry and Information Technology： Vigorously promote the digital, networked and intelligent development of manufacturing industry

　　On April 18th, the State Council Press Office held a press conference to introduce the development of industry and informatization in the first quarter of 2024. Shan Zhongde, vice minister of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, said that the work of intelligent manufacturing application exploration, scientific and technological research and infrastructure construction will be systematically promoted, and the digitalization, networking and intelligent development of manufacturing industry will be vigorously promoted to provide strong support for the construction of a manufacturing power.

　　Editor: Wu Yimeng

　　Produced by Audio and Video Department of Xinhua News Agency

Ministry of Industry and Information Technology： Promoting Universal Telecommunication Service to Rural Remote Areas

　　Yunnan is mountainous, with high mountains and curved roads. After more than two hours’ drive and more than 20 minutes’ walk, I finally came to a village in the folds of the mountain — — Shuangmidi Village, Liuku Town, Lushui County, Nujiang Lisu Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province. Looking down, the cliffs of Gaoligong Mountain stand tall and the Dulong River flows down, but who would have thought that it was in such a remote and dangerous ravine that an "information highway" was simply set up.

　　"The network repairman just came home to debug the signal two days ago, and now he can watch Internet TV every day." Walking into the home of Mi Yuezhong, a poor household who set up a file in Shuangmidi Village, he skillfully demonstrated to reporters how to operate the newly changed network TV. "In the past, I couldn’t watch TV when it was windy and rainy. Now every household has connected the optical fiber network, listened to the news and watched movies, and felt that life was beautiful."

　　What Mi Yuezhong is most proud of is that he increased his income by more than 4,000 yuan a year with the knowledge of crop cultivation he learned from Internet TV last year. "I have access to the Internet at home, and I watch agricultural technology programs from the Internet every day. Now most of my 30 mu of land has been replanted with walnuts and pepper trees, and the growth is very gratifying." Looking forward to the coming year, Mi Yuezhong is full of expectations: this year is only the first crop, and the harvest next year will be better than this year.

　　Not only Shuangmidi Village, "Look at a crack in the sky, look at a ditch in the ground, go out by sliding rope, and plant land like rock climbing", which was once a true portrayal of Nujiang Prefecture in Yunnan Province. More than 98% of the state’s area is high mountains and canyons, belonging to a state-level deep poverty-stricken area. In order to repair the network "highway" to help get rid of poverty and get rich, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology tilted resources to support telecom enterprises to vigorously improve rural Internet infrastructure. Since 2014, 4G networks and broadband have been connected here one after another, and the "information express train" has begun to catch up. Distance education and e-commerce have come one after another, and the steps of getting rid of poverty and getting rich are getting bigger and bigger.

　　Since the theme education was launched, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology has insisted on the implementation of rectification throughout the whole process of promoting the universal service of telecommunications, and has made real efforts in network poverty alleviation. At present, the universal service pilot of China Telecom has supported the construction of optical fiber and 4G in more than 130,000 administrative villages, and it is difficult to achieve full coverage of supervision and inspection by manpower. To this end, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology proposed to build a telecom universal service management platform to realize online monitoring of the network completion and network quality of pilot administrative villages through technical means.

　　"From the actual effect, the universal service of telecommunications has achieved remarkable results in helping poverty alleviation." According to the relevant person in charge of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, at present, China’s telecom universal service pilot supports more than 43,000 poverty-stricken villages to access broadband, and the proportion of broadband access to poverty-stricken villages has exceeded 98%, and 90% of the goals in the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" for poverty alleviation have been completed ahead of schedule. "Broadband network plays a fundamental supporting role in tackling poverty, effectively promoting the development of rural e-commerce, e-government, telemedicine, distance education and other applications, effectively improving production and living conditions, promoting the equalization of public services, and broadening the road to poverty alleviation." The person in charge said.

　　It is not easy to make all rural and remote areas have access to the Internet. In some rural areas, high mountains and dangerous roads and frequent natural disasters often bring great challenges to network construction and maintenance. "Take Nujiang Prefecture as an example. The rainy season is about 200 days every year. In March, there is often a light rain every day and a heavy rain every three days. Frequent rainfall causes frequent landslides and mudslides, and important optical cable interruptions often occur." The person in charge of Nujiang Branch of China Mobile Yunnan Company admitted that the emergency repair task was heavy and difficult, so the maintenance personnel got up early and greedy for the dark, and rushed to the scene at the first time, risking danger to carry out emergency repair.

　　Front-line employees are moving forward, and the policy mechanism is also strengthening. According to reports, in order to achieve deep network coverage in rural and remote areas, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology will, on the one hand, expand the scope of support and promote 4G network coverage in rural areas with more than 20 households in need; On the other hand, we will expand technical methods, encourage local conditions, and adopt various technical means such as optical fiber, 4G, satellite and microwave to achieve network coverage in remote areas.

　　Coming out of Mi Yuezhong’s home, a group of three network maintenance workers, wearing helmets and slung maintenance bags, are rushing to a village group at the top of the mountain. "Just now, some farmers reported a network failure, put down the phone and drove over." While talking, I saw Bai Jiahua, a maintenance worker, who was agile and climbed a pole standing on the edge of a cliff. Looking up, more than a dozen lines were radiated from the fiber distribution box at the top, extending to a farmer at the top of the mountain. Bai Jiahua said, "There are more than 20 villagers living on the top of the mountain. The pole selection here does not occupy the roads in the village, but also covers all farmers as much as possible, so that they can get online and watch TV." (Reporter Han Xin)

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