Recently, "Putonghua Proficiency Test", "China Broadcasting Host Network" and other WeChat WeChat official account articles entitled "Attention, announcer and host, the pinyin of these words has been changed! The article ""sparked a heated discussion on the Internet.
According to the article, "the local accent has not changed, and the hair on the temples has declined (shuāi)", "Going far up to the stone path of Hanshan Mountain (xié)" and "Riding on the world of mortals with a smile". In the past, I read cuī in my poem, xiá in my poem, and J ī in my poem, but now I have changed my pinyin. At present, the phonetic notation in the new textbook is shuāi, Xie é and Qi í.
In addition, the article stated that the "saying" of "lobbyist" was originally pronounced "shuì", but now it is stipulated to pronounce "Shu Ő". In addition, the word "japonica" of "japonica rice" was originally pronounced "jīng", but now it is pronounced "gěng".
Netizens said that the "standard pronunciation" in the reading period has quietly become "wrong pronunciation". "The minority obeys the majority, and the wrong is paired, but the right is wrong." Many netizens said that they do not support such a revision. "I don’t know which pronunciation we should pronounce now is correct."
Is that really the case?
Chengdu Business Daily-Red Star Journalist Chen Mou Yu Zunsu
Know more
Ye Yun refers to changing the pronunciation of rhymes to make them coordinate with other rhymes. Some ancient scholars, such as Zhu Xi, found that reading ancient poems with the pronunciation at that time could no longer rhyme, so they adopted this method. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, some scholars, such as Gu Yanwu, have already corrected it, thinking that it is a scientific method to construct ancient sounds according to phonology, dialect and antithesis. That is to say, reading ancient poems by Ye Yun is not very stand up to scrutiny.
differentiate
Is what this article says true? We invited authoritative experts to analyze it for us.
Editor-in-Chief of Chewing on Words: This is false news.
"This is false news!" Huang Anjing, the editor-in-chief of Biting Words, also saw many people forwarding this article in the circle of friends. He told reporters: "We read this post, and most of the content came from the" Table of Examining Phonetics for Different Pronunciation in Putonghua (Revised Draft) "published by the State Language Committee on June 6, 2016, but it has not yet been officially released. We should now take the "Pronunciation Table of Mandarin Variant Words" published in 1985 as the standard, and that is the official table. "
The reporter contacted Du Xiang, assistant director and secretary-general of the Dictionaries Compilation Research Center of China Academy of Social Sciences and director of the dictionary editing room of the Institute of Linguistics. He said that there was something untrue in this article. "Most of what was said was not the content of this audition, and some of them have never changed."
Director, Institute of Linguistics, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences:
The phonetic standard of the hot transmission example has not been changed.
Liu Danqing, director of the Institute of Linguistics of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, director of the Dictionary Compilation Research Center, and head of the revised research group of "Pronounced Words in Mandarin", said that WeChat official account of "Linguistics Today" will resubmit several explanatory articles of the Pronounced Group, which were previously written by his colleagues, giving a detailed explanation of the principles of Pronounced Words in Mandarin and the pronunciation of words in ancient poems on weekdays.
Reporter: When were the pronunciations such as "decline" of "the local accent has not changed and the hair is fading", "slanting" of "going up to the cold mountain with a sloping stone path", "riding" of "riding a princess in the world of mortals and laughing" and "saying" of "lobbyist" revised? What is the basis for the revision?
Liu Danqing: In these examples, the phonetic standard has not changed. Therefore, there are no problems such as when to change and why to change. The fact is that the author who spread the article made up the facts.
Reporter: Some people say that some pronunciations in ancient poetry have changed, which will affect the rhyme. What is the process and basis of pinyin modification?
Liu Danqing: With regard to "hair decline on the temples", I would like to add that "decline" has always been pronounced as Cu Ο, which is two special meanings in ancient times. It can be found in Modern Chinese Dictionary. This pronunciation is still retained at present. Regarding the "mount", Meng Wen also explained. Meng Pengsheng, a researcher at the Institute of Linguistics, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, once wrote that when the word "Qi" is used as a noun or quantifier, the meaning and usage of "Ji" in ancient times are different from that of "Q" used as a verb. Therefore, reference books and textbooks for primary and secondary school students can refer to Xinhua Dictionary (11th Edition) and Modern Chinese Dictionary (6th Edition) compiled by the Institute of Linguistics of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, and indicate "old reading".
Meng Pengsheng also said in the article that from the perspective of language research, many scholars have criticized the theory of "Ye Yun" since the Ming and Qing Dynasties, and of course modern people can’t repeat the same mistakes, so reference books or textbooks for primary and secondary school students should never be marked with such pronunciations. However, as a cultural tradition, the word "Xie" in "the stone path on the Hanshan Mountain is far away" is read as Xi× to rhyme with "home", and the word "Ye" in "Le Chuan, under the shady mountain, the sky is like a dome, and the cage covers four fields" is read as y m � to rhyme with "Xia", and "When you are young, you will leave home and return to your hometown.
discuss
A WeChat article, with a reading volume of 100,000 plus, caused a heated discussion among netizens. Why is this happening? What problems are reflected behind it? We interviewed professors of Chinese Department and Chinese teachers in middle schools to listen to their ideas.
Professor of ancient literature:
Dictionaries are meant to correct mistakes. How can "the minority is subordinate to the majority"?
The reporter from Chengdu Business Daily-Red Star contacted Zhou Yukai, a professor at the School of Literature and Journalism of Sichuan University. He said that if the so-called revision is true, he does not support such a revision: "I object to it. If this revision is unacceptable, how can it make the wrong reading become correct?" Dictionaries are meant to standardize and correct mistakes. How can they make do with mistakes? China’s traditional culture has been destroyed. " Zhou Yu-kai said that he was teaching ancient literature. After the word "riding" with a smile from a princess in the world of mortals was pronounced as qí, it became a flat-voiced word, which lost its cadence and the beauty of ancient poetry.
Professor of linguistics:
The revision should follow the principle of following the customs, but special circumstances should be considered.
Deng Chunqin, a professor of linguistics at the College of Literature, China West Normal University, explained that Chinese dictionaries, especially Modern Chinese Dictionary, play a role in regulating pronunciation. Generally speaking, the corresponding pronunciation changes are not a single principle, except the commonly used phonological principle, which will be modified according to the principle of following the customs.
Deng Chunqin said that it is correct to adhere to the "conformity principle" in public occasions and facilitate the popularization of the public and Putonghua. However, in special circumstances, such as ancient poetry, it is more appropriate to respect the original sound. "After the change, it will not have that effect." Deng Chunqin said that teachers in the college are also discussing how to read correctly.
Associate Professor of Broadcasting Host:
We should treat reasonable changes with an open mind.
Wu Zhenxing, an associate professor of broadcast hosting in School of Journalism and Communication, China West Normal University and a national Putonghua tester, believes that on the one hand, most of the changes from polyphonic words to general names are reasonable, because society is developing, and it is not surprising that a word has undergone many changes and many pronunciations since ancient times. However, the essence of language is a tool, and tools should serve the users of the language. The more unified the pronunciation, the more conducive it is to learning and communication. To some extent, one word with multiple tones hinders the smoothness of communication. We should look at such reasonable changes with a dynamic eye and an open mind. For example, Wu Zhenxing said, for example, dull, before reading "aiban", except reading "ai" in this word, everyone reads "dai".
Chinese teacher:
If there is such a modification, it will be at a loss.
Tan Xuyan, a Chinese teacher in a high school in Chengdu, told the reporter that if the content of the article is true, such a pronunciation change will make the Chinese teacher at a loss. Because teachers and students have to face pronunciation test questions. What are the criteria for revision? "The original sound and meaning are related. We often tell students to distinguish the sound according to the meaning. After this change, can the sound and meaning still match? How to talk about rhyme, flatness, etc. when talking about poetry is a new problem. " Tan Xuyan said that students are even more at a loss. "Teachers will be very cautious in teaching, and the pronunciation will be based on the textbooks and the latest version of the dictionary."
Liu Jing, a Chinese teacher in a junior high school in Pidu District, has the same doubts. In teaching, pronunciation changes will bring uncertainty. In the past, it could be explained according to pronunciation, but if it is changed, it can’t be.
TV anchor:
Worried about destroying the beauty of the rhythm of ancient poetry
Ren dongming, the host of Panzhihua Radio and Television Station, told reporters that he was dizzy after reading these articles. For the host, it is not easy to change the correct pronunciation that has been adhered to for decades into the wrong pronunciation. First of all, you must agree with it in your heart. "Always learn and always pay attention."
Liu Bing, anchor of Meishan TV news broadcast, also told reporters that the accuracy of pronunciation is a basic requirement for the host in the process of study and work. Therefore, in the face of some pronunciations that are easy to be mispronounced by everyone, he will also ask himself to strengthen his memory and form a certain inertia according to the correct pronunciation. If there is such a modification, it will be more suitable for the pronunciation generally recognized by the public, but it will have a certain impact on the usual broadcasting work, and it is necessary to overcome the inertia reading method formed by strengthening his memory at ordinary times.
"Personally, I think that if the rhyming sounds in some ancient poems are also modified, it will destroy the rhythmic beauty of ancient poems. In addition to ancient poetry, some polyphonic words were originally changed into a unified pronunciation in order to distinguish different meanings with different pronunciations, which also destroyed the aesthetic feeling of Chinese. "
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