The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs reported on January 5th that the "14th Five-Year Plan for the Development of Agricultural Mechanization in China" was recently issued. It is planned that by 2025, the total power of agricultural machinery in China will be stabilized at around 1.1 billion kilowatts, and the comprehensive mechanization rate of crop cultivation and harvest will reach 75%.
According to reports, during the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" period, China’s agricultural mechanization entered a development period of comprehensive, high-quality and efficient transformation and upgrading, and agricultural production shifted from relying mainly on human and animal power to relying mainly on mechanical power. The total power of agricultural machinery in China reached 1.056 billion kilowatts, an increase of 17% compared with the end of the Twelfth Five-Year Plan, and the comprehensive mechanization rate of crop cultivation and harvest reached 71.25%, an increase of 7.4 percentage points compared with the end of the Twelfth Five-Year Plan.
At the same time, however, the contradiction of insufficient unbalanced development of agricultural mechanization in regions, industries, varieties and links is prominent. Some key core technologies, important parts and materials are controlled by people, and the R&D ability and product performance can not meet the needs of farmers well. Most domestic machines and tools are low-end products, with overcapacity and serious homogenization. The problem of "inorganic availability" and "no good machine use" in some fields or links is still obvious. Some industrial varieties, breeding methods and post-harvest processing are not in harmony with mechanized production, and problems such as "difficult to farm", "difficult to operate" and "difficult to store" are still outstanding.
At present, the mechanization in the northern plain of China is developing rapidly, and the development in the southern region, especially in the hilly and mountainous areas of southwest China, is slow. The comprehensive mechanization rate of crop cultivation and harvest in typical hilly and mountainous counties is less than 50%. The mechanization level of main grain crops production is relatively high, while the mechanization level of key links of cash crops production such as cotton, oil, candy, vegetables and tea, as well as animal husbandry, fishery, primary processing of agricultural products, facility agriculture and other fields is relatively low.
In this regard, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs said that during the "Fourteenth Five-Year Plan" period, efforts will be made to improve the mechanization level of grain crop production, vigorously develop the mechanization of cash crop production, accelerate the development of livestock and poultry aquaculture mechanization, actively promote the mechanization of primary processing of agricultural products, and accelerate the filling of shortcomings in agricultural mechanization in hilly areas, accelerate the promotion of intelligent and green agricultural mechanization, and enlarge and strengthen the industrial chain of agricultural mechanization industrial clusters.
In order to promote the realization of these goals, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs will continue to strengthen the policy of supporting development. Including the stable implementation of the subsidy policy for the purchase and application of agricultural machinery, the pilot of comprehensive subsidies for the purchase of agricultural machinery, the increase of subsidies for the scrapping and renewal of agricultural machinery, and the active promotion of local government bonds and related funds to support the mechanized transformation of farmland in hilly and mountainous areas.
According to the plan, by 2025, the main counties (cities, districts) producing grain, cotton, oil and sugar will basically realize agricultural mechanization, and the comprehensive mechanization rate of crop cultivation and harvest in hilly counties (cities, districts) will reach 55%, and the mechanization rate of facility agriculture, animal husbandry, aquaculture and primary processing of agricultural products will reach more than 50% as a whole. In 2035, the main crop production will be mechanized in the whole process, and agricultural production will basically be fully mechanized, and the pattern of mechanization supporting agricultural and rural modernization in an all-round way and with high quality will basically take shape.
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