Strategic emerging industries are an important decisive force to lead the country’s future development, and it is very important for China to form new competitive advantages and achieve leapfrog development. The Central Committee of the Communist Party of China’s Proposal on Formulating the 14th Five-year Plan for National Economic and Social Development and the Long-term Target for 2035 (hereinafter referred to as the "Proposal") puts forward "developing strategic emerging industries". This is a major strategic plan to accelerate the construction of a modern industrial system, promote high-quality economic development and start a new journey of building a socialist modern country in an all-round way at a new historical starting point.
During the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" period, China’s strategic emerging industries, represented by a new generation of information technology, biology, high-end equipment, green and low carbon, developed rapidly, technological innovation accelerated, and the scale continued to expand, and a large number of high-quality enterprises and industrial clusters with great development potential emerged, which became an important engine to lead the high-quality economic development. During the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, on the basis of accurately judging the trends and trends of world scientific and technological progress and industrial transformation, we should firmly grasp the initiative of innovation and development, focus on major technological breakthroughs and major development needs, solidly implement the scientific deployment made in the Proposal, accelerate the expansion and strengthening of strategic emerging industries, improve the modernization level of industrial chain supply chain, enhance the anti-risk ability of industrial chain supply chain, form an industrial development pattern with outstanding characteristics, complementary advantages and reasonable structure, and enhance China’s industrial development in the global industrial chain value chain.
First, accelerate the growth of a new generation of information technology, biotechnology, new energy, new materials, high-end equipment, new energy vehicles, environmental protection, aerospace, marine equipment and other industries.
The "14th Five-Year Plan" period is a crucial period for the development of China’s strategic emerging industries. More and more high and new technologies will enter the stage of large-scale industrialization and commercialization, and become an important force driving industrial transformation and economic and social development. The "Proposal" puts forward "accelerating the development of a new generation of industries such as information technology, biotechnology, new energy, new materials, high-end equipment, new energy vehicles, green environmental protection, aerospace and marine equipment", and points out the direction and key areas for developing and expanding strategic emerging industries during the "Tenth Five-Year Plan" period, which should not only optimize the development of industries with a certain foundation, but also plan and lay out a number of new industries in a forward-looking way.
To implement the requirements of the Proposal, China will accelerate the technological innovation and application of industrial Internet, big data, artificial intelligence, advanced communication, integrated circuits and ultra-high definition display, and comprehensively enhance the core competitiveness of the information technology industry. Accelerate the industrialization development of biomedicine, bio-agriculture, bio-manufacturing and gene technology application services, and expand the bio-industry. Increase the research and development and application of new energy technologies such as nuclear energy, solar energy, wind energy, hydrogen energy and biomass energy, and increase the proportion of new energy production in the energy industry. We will develop advanced inorganic nonmetallic materials, high-performance composite materials, new functional rare earth materials, information functional materials, nano-materials and other cutting-edge new materials, implement material genetic engineering, and accelerate the construction of a material power. Promote the engineering application and industrialization development of major equipment and system technology, and accelerate the formation of a new high-end equipment development model that is distributed, personalized, flexible and intelligent. Accelerate the process of electrification, intelligence and networking of automobiles, promote the industrialization of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles, and vigorously develop the new energy automobile industry. Increase the clean and efficient use of coal, develop new technologies for energy conservation and environmental governance, expand the recycling of resources, and expand energy-saving and environmental protection low-carbon industries. Accelerate the research and development of aero-engines and airborne equipment, improve the construction of satellite and application infrastructure, strengthen satellite applications such as remote sensing, communication and navigation, and vigorously develop the aerospace industry. Improve the R&D and manufacturing capabilities of large ships and offshore equipment, and develop high-tech ships such as intelligent ships and special ships, as well as various offshore engineering platforms and high-end equipment such as oil and gas resources exploration, exploitation, storage and transportation.Build an advanced manufacturing cluster of ships and marine engineering equipment. Further develop creative industries such as virtual reality/augmented reality (VR/AR) and digital cultural content creation.
Second, promote the deep integration of Internet, big data and artificial intelligence, promote the development of advanced manufacturing clusters, build a number of strategic emerging industry growth engines with their own characteristics, complementary advantages and reasonable structure, and cultivate new technologies, new products, new formats and new models.
Under the background of new scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation, promoting the deep integration of Internet, big data and artificial intelligence is an inevitable choice to release the digital superposition multiplication effect, accelerate the development of strategic emerging industries and build a comprehensive competitive advantage. We must adhere to the development strategy of deep integration of industrialization and informatization, promote the digital transformation action and the industrial Internet innovation development project, use the new generation of information technology to carry out all-round, all-round and full-chain transformation of various industries, encourage data-driven enterprises such as the Internet and artificial intelligence to accelerate their penetration into various industries, and promote the cross-border integration and development between emerging industries, emerging industries and traditional industries, and technology and society. Promote breakthroughs in key core technology innovation, accelerate the construction of information infrastructure, strengthen the development and management of data resources, enhance the ability of network information security, and constantly consolidate the foundation of integrated development. At the same time, give play to the important role of software as the key carrier of information technology and the key link of industrial integration. By implementing the national software development strategy, we will accelerate the development and application of basic software, platform software and application software, and promote the effective empowerment, assignment and intelligence of software to the development of integration, and promote the quality change, efficiency change and power change of China’s development.
The development of industrial clusters can play the role of specialized division of labor, industrial correlation and cooperation, reduce innovation and transaction costs, promote the rational flow and optimal allocation of production factors, which is an inevitable trend of industrialization and an important way to promote the rapid development of strategic emerging industries. We should build a number of advanced manufacturing clusters with China characteristics and cultivate a number of world-class advanced manufacturing clusters based on the comparative advantages of China’s technological innovation. Pay attention to combining the development of advanced manufacturing clusters with the implementation of regional coordinated development strategy, and rely on existing industrial parks and other platforms to promote the effective agglomeration, division of labor and cooperation, and collaborative innovation of enterprises, scientific research units, financial institutions, and promote the harmonious development of industrial chain, innovation chain and ecological chain, so as to create a number of sources and agglomeration areas for the development of advanced manufacturing industries and build a number of strategic emerging industry growth engines with their own characteristics, complementary advantages and reasonable structure. Pay attention to the combination of promoting the development of advanced manufacturing clusters and promoting the coordinated development of large, medium and small enterprises, actively strengthen and expand a number of backbone enterprises with high industrial relevance and strong innovation ability, promote the development of small and medium-sized enterprises, cultivate a number of "specialized and innovative" little giant enterprises and "single champion" enterprises that focus on subdivision, and build and improve the industrial system of specialized division of labor, cooperation and common development of large, medium and small enterprises. Pay attention to combining the development of advanced manufacturing clusters with improving the level of opening up, continue to attract foreign-funded enterprises to join China’s advanced manufacturing clusters, promote the integration of China’s manufacturing industry into the international industrial chain, and encourage the development of large enterprise groups with international competitiveness.Accelerate the cultivation of China’s multinational companies and internationally renowned brands.
The innovation-driven and integrated development forces brought about by the new round of technological changes will constantly spawn new technologies, new products, new formats and new models, providing important basic support for the formation and expansion of strategic emerging industries. We should strengthen the role of market mechanism, guide enterprises to take market demand as the guide, application scenarios as the traction, and rely on market scale advantages to drive technological breakthroughs and iterative development of applications, and vigorously cultivate new products, new models and new formats such as intelligent products, personalized customization, networked collaboration, shared production, service extension and digital management, so as to inject a steady stream of power into the development of the national economy.
Third, promote the healthy development of platform economy and sharing economy
Platform economy and sharing economy are new economic forms that use the new generation information technology such as the Internet to promote the efficient integration and allocation of resources, which will bring unprecedented changes to social governance, public services, industrial development, entrepreneurial innovation and so on. The "Proposal" emphasizes "promoting the platform economy and sharing the healthy development of the economy", and fully affirms that these new economic forms, as new ways of organizing productive forces, play an important role in promoting mass entrepreneurship and innovation, promoting industrial upgrading, expanding the consumer market, and enhancing the development of new kinetic energy. We should further emancipate our minds, change our concepts, increase support for the development of platform economy and sharing economy, and encourage bold exploration.
Platforms and platform-based enterprises are the carriers and subjects of developing platform economy and sharing economy. It is necessary to strengthen the construction of new basic capabilities and platform facilities such as data centers, cloud and intelligent service platforms, and industrial Internet, develop a batch of Internet application software suitable for various application scenarios, create a batch of e-commerce and industrial Internet platforms with rich resources, diverse functions and fine services, and promote the two-way iteration and mutual progress of "building platforms" and "using platforms". Through the policy support of funds, taxes, scientific research awards, financial credit and service innovation, platform enterprises are encouraged to innovate business models and improve service quality through differentiated professional development, and strive to provide more and better quality new products and services, so that the people can have more sense of acquisition.
Data is a key factor in developing platform economy and sharing economy. It is necessary to establish and improve systems, rules and standards for data resource confirmation, collection, circulation, transaction and application development as soon as possible, introduce laws and regulations to ensure the safety of data flow, strengthen data privacy protection and security management, build an open platform for unified sharing of government data, smooth the two-way circulation mechanism of government and enterprise data, and promote the compliant transaction, orderly circulation and efficient utilization of data resources. Sharing economy is inseparable from the social and cultural atmosphere of honesty and trustworthiness. It is necessary to strengthen social integrity education, improve the social credit system, especially the new business credit system, make full use of big data to build a credit supervision system, and effectively create and improve the social environment for sharing economic development.
Developing platform economy and sharing economy requires a relaxed and favorable regulatory environment. We should adhere to the principles of encouraging innovation and being prudent and inclusive, explore and innovate management mechanisms and methods that adapt to the characteristics of new formats and are conducive to fair competition, reform unsuitable institutional mechanisms, appropriately relax and improve market access conditions, reduce the compliance cost of enterprises, formulate and introduce relevant product and service standards in a timely manner, and form an adaptive supervision system that is conducive to development. Maintain fair competition market order, formulate regulations on online transactions, investigate and deal with illegal acts such as abusing market dominance to restrict transactions and unfair competition in the Internet field according to law, and safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of all market players, especially consumers.
Four, encourage mergers and acquisitions, to prevent low-level redundant construction.
In view of some outstanding problems in the development of strategic emerging industries, the Proposal puts forward the requirements of "encouraging mergers and acquisitions of enterprises and preventing low-level redundant construction", which is extremely important for promoting the high-quality development of strategic emerging industries.
Merger and reorganization is an effective way for enterprises to integrate innovative resources and expand at low cost, realize large-scale development and enhance competitiveness. In view of the outstanding problems of some emerging enterprises in China, such as relatively small scale, serious homogenization and lack of leading competitive large enterprises in the world, it is necessary to promote the rapid development of strategic emerging industries through the "fusion" effect of mergers and acquisitions. Adhere to the principle of marketization, improve the system and supporting measures, so that enterprises can truly become the main body of mergers and acquisitions. Deepen the "streamline administration, delegate power, strengthen regulation and improve services" reform, reduce the examination and approval items, reform the enterprise-related tax system, give play to the mechanism of reversing the industry access management standards, develop intermediary services, and reduce the cost of enterprise merger and reorganization. Strengthen policy guidance and encourage the use of trust plans, entrusted loans and direct financing to expand the sources of funds for mergers and acquisitions. Reduce the improper intervention of some local governments, eliminate obstacles to cross-regional mergers and acquisitions, and crack down on abuse of market dominance and malicious bankruptcy of enterprises to escape debts.
To develop strategic emerging industries, we should pay attention to the lessons that traditional industries and even some emerging industries are too eager for speed and scale, resulting in overcapacity and poor development efficiency, so as to avoid low-level redundant construction with homogeneous and disorderly competition. Strengthen overall planning, highlight regional realistic conditions and potential advantages for misplaced development, optimize industrial structure and spatial layout, build a complete industrial chain, and realize balanced and coordinated development of all links. Deepen the reform of the fiscal and taxation system, improve the performance appraisal mechanism, improve the investment restraint mechanism and accountability mechanism, give play to the role of supervision and supervision from all walks of life, guide local governments and enterprises to invest rationally, correct some local governments’ improper intervention in microeconomic behavior, and promote the healthy development of strategic emerging industries.
At the same time, we must strengthen policy support. As soon as possible, establish a mechanism for industrial policy and competition policy to promote the development of strategic emerging industries, and improve the coordination of policies such as industry, finance, taxation, finance, land and investment. Strengthen the protection and supervision of intellectual property rights, establish an incentive mechanism for independent intellectual property innovation, improve the transformation mechanism of scientific research achievements, and promote the accelerated application of innovative achievements. Innovate financial services and products, build a wide service system in technology and finance, improve the multi-level capital market system, and guide industrial capital, financial capital and social capital to jointly support industrial development. Further increase personnel training and attractiveness, form a rich supply guarantee of human resources that meets the requirements of skills and knowledge structure in the new era, and provide support for the high-quality development of strategic emerging industries. (Wang Zhijun)
[Editor: Yu Qian]
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