标签归档 苏州适合夜游的地方

■ Text/Kong Chunhong

In May 2012, a report was received from a well-known brand clothing company (hereinafter referred to as Company A), and law enforcement officers of the Quality Supervision Bureau of J City, Jiangsu Province conducted law enforcement inspection on No.82 warehouse in Zone D of a commercial plaza, and found a batch of underwear of a certain brand in stock. On-site representative of Company A issued an appraisal certificate, which determined that the underwear seized on site was a counterfeit product of a certain brand. Further investigation found that this batch of underwear was supplied to J city by the Zhejiang distributor of Company A, and the distributor provided the outbound order of this batch of underwear manufacturer, which was consistent with the batch number of the seized products. After verification with Company A, it is confirmed that this batch of underwear is produced by Company A’s underwear factory, but it is only sold in Zhejiang, and it is not allowed to be sold across regions according to the internal regulations of Company A, otherwise it will be treated as counterfeit products. According to the investigation results, law enforcement officers thought that this was an irregular act of commercial competition within an enterprise, and they could not identify the underwear as counterfeit products according to the allegations of the enterprise, so they decided to dismiss the case.

In the Opinions of the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine on Several Issues Concerning the Implementation of the Product Quality Law, it is pointed out that "the quality and technical supervision department needs to identify the products suspected of counterfeiting in the process of administrative law enforcement, and the identification conclusion can be used as one of the important evidences for handling technical supervision administrative cases. After verification, the administrative law enforcement department of quality and technical supervision can use the appraisal conclusion issued by the counterfeit production enterprise and other supporting materials as the basis for determining the authenticity of the product. " Under normal circumstances, the authenticity appraisal of products is entrusted to be issued by counterfeit production enterprises. When handling cases, there is often a misunderstanding that the appraisal conclusion is made by counterfeit enterprises and must be correct, so it should be taken as the basis for finalizing the case. There is no need to carefully review the appraisal conclusion, blindly believe it and use it, and even lead to misjudged cases.

In the practice of handling cases, due to the influence and limitation of subjective and objective reasons, the appraisal conclusion does not rule out the possibility of making mistakes. As in this case, the appraisal certificate issued by Company A is obviously of low effectiveness, and it is difficult to draw the conclusion of counterfeit products only by this paper appraisal certificate. If law enforcement departments directly identify such flawed appraisal conclusions, once faced with administrative litigation, the legality of specific administrative acts of administrative organs will be questioned, and even lead to the invalidation or revocation of specific administrative acts. Therefore, law enforcement departments must carefully analyze the actual situation of the case, review and judge the appraisal conclusion, comprehensively judge the probative force of the appraisal conclusion, and avoid covering the whole with one side. In this way, the substantive facts and procedural facts related to the administrative punishment of accepting the appraisal conclusion will not be passive, thus reducing or avoiding the occurrence of misjudged cases.

The examination and judgment of expert conclusion includes the examination of evidence ability and probative force. Evidence ability, that is, the qualification that the appraisal conclusion can be adopted as final evidence. Proof, that is, the role of expert conclusion in proving the facts of a case. The examination of the evidential ability of expert conclusion is mainly realized by examining and judging the "three natures" of expert conclusion. The first is the authenticity review, which is mainly reflected in the objectivity of the appraisal materials and whether the appraisal conclusion is objective and true. The second is the relevance review, which focuses on whether the appraisal conclusion is in line with the entrustment requirements and whether it is beyond the appraisal scope; Whether the legal issues or other specialized issues that should not be solved by technical appraisal have been determined, and whether there is any contradiction with other evidence; Conclusion Whether the logical reasoning conforms to the routine, whether the causal analysis is clear, and whether the appraisal analysis opinions are sufficient and reasonable; Whether the appraisal standard is accurate and proper, and the basis is sufficient; How close the appraisal materials are to the disputes in the case, and whether they can be used as the basis of relevant appraisal conclusions. The third is the legality review, including whether the conclusion formation process and the conclusion content meet the legal procedures and requirements. The focus of the review is whether the source of the appraisal materials is legal, whether the appraisal procedures are legal, whether the appraisal technical means are scientific, whether the contents to be included in the appraisal book are complete, and whether the meaning of the appraisal conclusion is clear.

The review of the probative force of expert conclusions should focus on the following aspects:

(a) to examine whether the appraiser has the corresponding qualifications. The correctness of the appraisal conclusion is directly related to whether the appraiser has the corresponding qualifications and whether the appraiser has an interest in the case. In order to ensure the correctness and reliability of the expert conclusion, the qualification of the expert should be strictly examined. Usually, the producer marked on the product should be the appraiser for the identification of the authenticity of the product. If the product is not marked with producer information but only with a registered trademark, it shall be identified by the registered trademark holder or its authorized appraiser.

(two) to examine whether the materials on which the appraisal is based meet the appraisal requirements. Whether the appraisal conclusion is correct or not has a great relationship with whether the materials on which the appraisal is based are true, reliable and sufficient. Only when the appraiser has mastered the reliable materials necessary for appraisal can he make a correct appraisal conclusion. Therefore, when reviewing the appraisal conclusion, an important content is to review the materials on which the appraisal conclusion is based, mainly to review whether the materials are true, reliable and sufficient. To examine whether the basis of the appraisal conclusion is sufficient, we should start with the accuracy of the appraisal standards, the sufficiency of arguments, the rationality of reasoning, and the contradiction between arguments and conclusions. If the appraisal conclusion is based on the reason, even ordinary people who don’t have the professional knowledge of appraisal matters will find its logical inconsistency when they look at the appraisal conclusion, or those who have a little relevant professional common sense will see that it is a counterintuitive appraisal conclusion, which is obviously unacceptable.

(three) to examine whether the methods and means on which the appraisal is based are scientific. In the process of identification, many problems must be solved by using advanced scientific and technological means and adopting new inspection methods. Therefore, when reviewing the appraisal conclusion, we must review the methods and means on which the appraisal is based. These methods and means are mainly embodied in the "analysis and explanation" part of the appraisal book. Analysis description is the key part of the appraisal book, and it is also one of the signs that the appraisal conclusion is sufficient and reasonable. It includes three aspects: first, analysis, that is, analyzing the appraisal data and various inspection results provided by the client, and finding out whether they are fixed, consistent and different from the affirmation points entrusted to reflect the essential attributes of the product; The second is to identify and judge, that is, on the basis of the previous analysis, to identify, reason and judge whether these affirmative points are fixed points, coincidence points and difference points, and to give a clear answer to the reasons for the entrusted appraisal; The third is explanation, which mainly refers to the process of how to draw the appraisal conclusion from the inspection results in popular and accurate words, that is, to elaborate and explain the above process of analysis, identification, reasoning and judgment.

(four) to examine whether there is any contradiction between the appraisal conclusion and other evidence in the case. When reviewing the expert conclusion, we must make a comprehensive analysis and comparative study with other evidence in the case. It is not enough to identify the facts only by the expert conclusion. We must prevent the wrong practice of hasty conclusion based on one expert conclusion. The so-called evidence rule that isolated evidence cannot be finalized is also applicable to the expert conclusion. Through the comprehensive analysis of the appraisal conclusion and other evidence, we can not only find the problems existing in the appraisal conclusion itself, but also find the authenticity of other evidence. If it is found that the appraisal conclusion is mutually confirmed with other evidence, and the evidence of the whole case forms a logical and reasonable evidence system, it can be concluded that the appraisal conclusion has high reliability. On the other hand, if there is a contradiction between the expert conclusion and other evidence in the case, and the contradiction cannot be fully and reasonably explained, it is necessary to re-examine and identify the expert conclusion and carefully screen it. Of course, if the evidence of the whole case is reviewed, especially after both parties have given evidence and cross-examination, if the other party provides evidence to the contrary and convincing reasons, the probative force of the expert conclusion can be directly ruled out.

The evidential function of the appraisal conclusion is often reflected by the overall content of the appraisal book, which reflects the entrustment, process, steps, methods and results of appraisal, and is made by the appraisal institution or appraiser according to law, with various forms of expression, such as appraisal report, inspection report, appraisal analysis opinion and appraisal review opinion. However, in the practice of handling cases, the format and content of the appraisal book are very irregular, which even affects whether the appraisal conclusion has evidential value. In order to change this situation, we should put forward some normative requirements for the production of appraisal books, ensure that the contents of appraisal books are complete and the forms are legal, and promote the standardization of appraisal institutions and appraisal activities.

Article 14 of the Supreme People’s Court’s Provisions on Several Issues Concerning Evidence in Administrative Litigation (Fa Shi [2002] No.21) stipulates: "The expert conclusion provided by the defendant to the people’s court in the administrative procedure shall specify the matters entrusted by the client and the entrusted expert, the relevant materials submitted to the expert department, the basis of the expert, the scientific and technical means used, the expert department and the description of the expert’s qualification, and shall be signed by the expert and sealed by the expert department. The appraisal conclusion obtained through analysis shall explain the analysis process. " Thus, in general, the appraisal book should have these contents: (1) the contents of the appraisal, that is, the matters that need to be appraised, including the cause of action, the purpose and requirements of the appraisal; (2) Relevant materials submitted during the appraisal, such as the samples submitted for inspection, the names, quantities, types and properties of the samples; (3) the basis of identification and the scientific and technical means used, so as to facilitate law enforcement departments to review whether the identification method is scientific, advanced and effective; (4) the process of appraisal, that is, the rules, steps and methods that appraisal subjects should abide by together in appraisal activities; (5) A clear appraisal conclusion, which is the most important part of the appraisal book, must comply with the requirements of laws and industry norms, and must not exceed the scope of the appraiser’s functions and powers, and may not characterize the case and draw legal conclusions; (6) A description of the appraisal qualification of the appraisal department and appraiser, such as the authorization certificate of the appraisal institution, business license, authorization certificate of the appraiser, identity documents, etc.; (7)Signature and seal of appraiser and appraisal department, such as official seal or special seal of appraisal institution, appraisal date, and multi-page appraisal book stamped with riding seal, etc.

As an important link in the appraisal process, the quality of the appraisal book directly affects its use. When making the appraisal book, we should pay attention to whether its basic content is perfect, whether there are omissions or biases. Only when the above content requirements are met can the appraisal conclusion be accepted. Law enforcement departments should conduct a careful review. If the contents of the appraisal book are found to be lacking or the appraisal conclusion is unclear, they should ask the appraisal institution or appraiser to explain, supplement or re-appraise. In a certain sense, the appraisal conclusion is only the transformation of the appraisal book in the administrative procedure, and the law enforcement department should bear the burden of proof for the entrustment procedure of appraisal and the appraisal method of the appraisal institution. Therefore, in the administrative law enforcement procedure, the appraisal must meet the above requirements, otherwise it cannot be used as evidence for administrative punishment.

At present, there is no uniform format for the appraisal. Jiangsu Provincial Bureau of Quality Supervision entrusted the internationally renowned brand Y (China) Company to identify the authenticity of the products when investigating a major case of manufacturing and selling counterfeit air compressor lubricating oil and accessories. Due to the seriousness of the case, the case was transferred to judicial organs for criminal responsibility. The appraisal certificate issued by Y (China) Company has been recognized by the judicial authorities and has become an important evidence for handling criminal cases. Here, the format of the certificate issued by Y (China) Company is taken as an example for the reference of law enforcement colleagues.

    Appraisal book

Client: Jiangsu Provincial Bureau of Quality and Technical Supervision

Date of entrustment: xxxx year x month xx day

Entrusting matters: Authenticity identification of seized products.

Identification of products: See List 1 (list by serial number, product name, picture, product number and quantity respectively).

Appraisal date: xxxx year x month xx day

    First, the appraisal process:

1. Our company, Y (China) Company, is located at xx Road, xx City. Our company is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Company Y, entrusted by its parent company, Company Y, to handle the protection of the Y trademark in China, including the authentication of the products of Company Y..

Company Y registered the registered trademark of Y in the seventh category of international classification, and its designated products include air compressors and their parts.

On xx, xxxx, your bureau conducted a law enforcement inspection on the xx factory located in xx city. Our company has appraised the above-mentioned products with Y trademark seized by your bureau.

2. Appraisal method: appraisal is conducted by the way of appearance comparison of the physical objects.

  II. Analysis Description: (Compare and explain each product separately)

    Third, the appraisal conclusion

To sum up, after our company’s appraisal, the products identified are not products produced by our company, but products forged by our company.

We hereby declare that our company and its affiliated companies have never had any business dealings with xx Company. At the same time, our company has never authorized the above-mentioned companies to use the Y trademark in any express or implied way.

Appraiser: regional after-sales service operation supervisor of xxx Y (China) Company.

Appraiser: Product Quality Specialist of xxx Y (China) Company.

Appraisal unit (seal): Y (China) Company.

Authorized signatory: legal adviser for Asia-Pacific region of xxx Y Company.

Appraisal date: xxxx year x month xx day

(Author: Taizhou Bureau of Quality and Technical Supervision, Jiangsu Province)

China Quality and Technical Supervision, April 2013

Wen | Tide Business Review

"It’s over. It’s already 8: 10. I’m still sitting on the toilet. I must be late for work today!"

Rita rubbed her stomach and sent crying expression packs in the sister chat group. Recently, her stomach is always upset, and she has to stay in the bathroom for a long time. At ordinary times, she has attracted the attention of department leaders and wondered if she was secretly fishing in the name of going to the bathroom. Now she is estimated to be late for a while, and I am afraid she will be criticized today.

"Is your resistance declining? Do you want to go to the hospital?" The little sisters in the group responded enthusiastically to her.

"Hey, I am so busy at work, how can I have this time?" Rita replied gloomily.

"I recently saw a probiotic freeze-dried powder in Xiaohongshu. I heard that it is very helpful for digestion and can lose weight. I just bought a few bags and am ready to drink." Another little sister dropped a link in the group, and in a short time, other group friends replied "planting grass".

Rita opened the link with a grain of salt. On the product introduction page, she wrote some proper terms that she had never heard of, such as high viable bacteria, water activity, metazoa, B420, etc. But it was these terms that sounded very scientific that aroused her great interest.

"It looks very professional, and there are health food labels. Buy it and try it." She thought, click on the screen to complete the order in one go. At this point, the physical discomfort seems to disappear with the satisfaction of consumption impulse, and she got up and left the bathroom, ready to enter a new day with high interest.

Undeniably, health has become the most concerned label for consumers in the post-epidemic era, and functional foods are receiving unprecedented attention and pursuit. According to the data in "Ai Rui -2022 White Paper on Health Management in China", compared with other age groups, the health self-evaluation scores of Generation Z are generally low. CBNData’s "Young People’s Health Consumption Trend Report" shows that more than 90% of the post-90 s have begun to have health awareness, and more than half of them have embarked on the road of "health".

Problems such as too fast pace of life, upside down work and rest, and irregular meals have long been an epidemic among urban youth, and "sitting" has become the normal life of young people in the workplace, which has made their intestinal digestion and absorption a big problem. At this time, probiotics that promote digestion and absorption, improve immunity, lower serum cholesterol, and even claim to be able to lose weight naturally become a "panacea" that consumers and businesses are particularly fond of.

However, can probiotics and the hundreds of millions of huge markets behind them really continue to be "prosperous"?

The competition for the new consumer circuit is becoming more and more fierce. Since the beginning of this year, under the violent fluctuation of the economic environment, this is a realistic atmosphere that everyone can perceive.

According to the incomplete statistics of the retail research center of Lianshang.com, the number of financing projects in new consumption areas in the first half of 2022 increased by 67.5% compared with the first half of 2021, but the total amount of financing decreased by 18% year-on-year. Especially in the once-popular sub-track of catering and food and drink, the financing amount this year is even less than 10% of the financing scale last year.

However, the big consumer market is not as sad as everyone thinks. In the field of massive segmentation, there are still many categories that continue to prove their value to the market.

On July 20th, the probiotic dietary brand "Daily Bacteria" announced the completion of a new round of financing, with Jin Yumao leading the investment, Lianjie Qichen and Lanshang Capital following the investment, and the old shareholder Linge Venture Capital continued to raise money. Less than two years after its establishment, this window brand has completed three rounds of financing, and the accumulated financing amount is nearly 100 million yuan.

The sense of smell of capital is keen. In the same month, Caive Fund and Xianfeng Changqing invested in UNOMI Youli Health, a laboratory-level nutrition brand, while in August last year, the famous Temasek invested in WonderLab, a new nutrition brand.

In Little Red Book, there are as many as 1.07 million notes about probiotics. Tmall health data shows that the average growth rate of probiotics in the past three years has exceeded 80%, and the average daily search volume has increased by 60% in June this year.

According to the data, the global probiotic market is about 50 billion yuan at present, and China’s probiotic market accounts for about 10% of the global market. According to market research firm ZionMarketResearch, by 2025, the output value of the global probiotic industry will exceed 77 billion US dollars (about 490.6 billion yuan), and the market share of China will exceed 25%.

The probiotic track is on fire, which is a natural thing for the market.

First of all, this upsurge of consumption upgrading is inevitably spreading to all fields of consumption. Taking fermented dairy products as an example, the increase of per capita disposable income in China is transmitted to the consumption end of dairy products, which shows that residents put forward higher requirements for the health care function and variety of dairy products. Therefore, the sales of ordinary white milk in the market were frustrated, and the sales of yogurt and milk drinks containing active probiotics continued to rise, which made a good start for the popularization of the concept of probiotics.

More importantly, the new consumer brand, as a "catfish" in the market, has stirred up the probiotic track.

In the domestic market, the probiotic track was originally firmly controlled by overseas nutrition and health care products. However, for these "deep pockets" enterprises, their own product lines are very rich, and they have not paid too much attention to probiotic products. When new consumer brands with their own traffic enter the market, the probiotic industry will change.

Different from the traditional health care brands that emphasize professionalism and efficacy, the new brand of probiotics takes the way of lifestyle. WonderLab probiotic small blue bottle focuses on women’s weight loss scenes after 90-95 in the Z era, and it became a hit with its high appearance; Every day, the bacteria are introduced into a box of chewable probiotic tablets with a daily dose of independent packaging, and the products are close to the form of "delicious food" by adding fresh fruit to squeeze the raw juice freeze-dried powder; Every fresh person who focuses on healthy food has introduced pop rocks powder probiotics, which can be eaten directly in his mouth, giving him the feeling of pop rocks, and linked with the new generation idols Lin Mo and Elaine Zhong to promote it.

With the help of star effect and traffic support, the new brands that play tricks in packaging and product form have enabled the public to quickly establish consumption habits in a short period of time. The traditional health care products leaders have a sense of urgency and began to innovate constantly. Local R&D brands such as Ketuo Bio and Huada Gene also saw opportunities and began to outflank and catch up in technology. In just a few short years, the probiotic track has been "rolled up", and the category explosion brought by market competition has further improved the market penetration rate of probiotic products. Under such a high-quality cycle, a track with unlimited potential is attracting more people.

In the past year, the number of businesses in the probiotic industry increased by 50% year-on-year, and the number of goods increased by 82% year-on-year. In this newly emerging market, the new consumer brand of newborn calves, the leading health care products with deep pockets and the R&D enterprises with talents and skills are conducting a secret contest.

In the new consumer brand camp, it undoubtedly reached 60 million sales in the first year of its establishment, and was once rated as the WonderLab of TOP1, the most popular bottled meal replacement milkshake brand for women by Tmall.

The primary reason for the rapid take-off of WonderLab is that its product positioning is very clear, focusing on young women aged 18-30. According to their needs to improve their figure, high health literacy and preference for healthier weight loss methods, Wonder Lab takes "losing weight, being healthy and becoming beautiful" as its core topic, and "nutrition, high fiber and low calorie" as its product selling point, starting from meal replacement and extending to "beauty nutrition" category, and finally.

As the "big brother" in the leading health care products, Tomson Bianjian’s Life-Space brand has made outstanding achievements in the field of probiotics.

In fact, Tomson’s life in recent years is not good. From 2018 to 2021, Tomson Bianjian’s operating income has slowed down for four consecutive years. This year’s semi-annual performance forecast shows that its non-net profit is expected to decline for the first time since 2016.

The reason behind it is also very simple. In the era when online is king, Tomson Bianjian’s original strong pharmacy channel advantage has been greatly reduced, and because the relevant state departments have started to rectify the chaos and violations of laws and regulations in the health care industry since 2019, in the subsequent medical insurance reform, many places directly introduced policies prohibiting the use of medical insurance cards to buy health care products in pharmacies. Tomson Bianjian, who suffered a double blow, became very passive for a time.

Therefore, Tomson Bianjian decided to bet on rejuvenation and online transformation, and probiotics became its first goal. In this track, Tomson Bianjian can be said to be on the same starting line as other cutting-edge brands, but its biggest advantage is that it has money in its pocket. How to develop probiotic products as soon as possible? Buy buy buys! In terms of production capacity, on August 30, 2018, Tomson Bianjian bought the Australian probiotic enterprise LSG for A $670 million. This is the first overseas acquisition since Tomson Bianjian was established, and the acquisition premium is as high as 34 times. In terms of marketing ability, Tomson Bianjian’s 2021 financial report revealed that its annual sales expenses were as high as 2.478 billion yuan, accounting for 33.35% of revenue.

On the other hand, R&D enterprises and pharmaceutical companies such as Huada Gene and China Resources Jiangzhong have also taken a fancy to the track of probiotics.

For enterprises with R&D genes, their moat lies in their strong scientific research capabilities. At the early stage of industry development, the actual efficacy of probiotic-related products is still controversial. At present, the professional ability of R&D institutions has made a strong endorsement for their products.

Youda of Huada Gene emphasizes that it is an independent research bacterium of Huada, and emphasizes "data speaking" in marketing. In an exclusive interview, China Resources Jiangzhong directly stated that its lactic acid bacteria tablets are over-the-counter drugs and have definite therapeutic effects, while other products are mostly ordinary foods or health foods. From the perspective of competition, Lihuo brand lactic acid bacteria tablets in Jiangzhong do not have direct competition with other products.

Rich money, strong output, and flow. In short, on the track of probiotics, all parties have made many strange moves, and they are still moving towards a fiery tomorrow amid all the noise.

"All the probiotics now promoted in China are all fake medicines! "Recently, biologist Rao Yi bombarded the popular science video of Yin Ye, CEO of Huada Gene, which was full of loopholes, so that probiotics were pushed to the forefront in a disgraceful posture. In fact, the question about whether probiotics are an "IQ tax" is a "shadow" that has always been lingering in this industry.

At present, the research on the mechanism of intestinal flora in the global academic community is still unclear. Who is right or wrong about the views of two scientists on whether probiotics are effective is still controversial in the scientific community, and it is even more difficult for us as ordinary consumers to draw a conclusion. However, the food safety and false propaganda of consumer-grade probiotic products are indeed a stubborn disease in the market.

According to the Scientific Consensus of Probiotics (2019 edition) jointly issued by chinese institute of food science and technology Probiotics Branch, probiotics should have three core characteristics: sufficient quantity, viable state and healthy function.

Last September, Yakult was fined 450,000 yuan for publicizing the important role of probiotics in prevention and control in Covid-19. In addition, the penalty book also shows that the company also publicized that "beneficial bacteria in the intestine will be lost with the normal excretion of the human body, so it is necessary to supplement active probiotics every day to maintain the balance of intestinal flora", which will make people mistakenly think that not taking probiotics every day will cause adverse effects on the body; The propaganda that "a small bottle of Yakult with 100ml contains more than 10 billion strains of Lactobacillus casei, and one bottle a day can meet the needs of adults" will make people mistakenly think that drinking a bottle of Yakult lactic acid bacteria every day will meet the needs of the human body, while ignoring the supplement of probiotics other than Lactobacillus casei.

On the complaint of black cats, many consumers complained that many probiotic products were deteriorated, foreign bodies were invalid, the ingredients list did not contain probiotic ingredients, and even children had bloody stools after taking probiotics.

According to the definition of the United Nations WHO, probiotics are living microorganisms, and a certain intake is beneficial to human health. Therefore, only when there are live probiotics in food, and a sufficient amount of live bacteria is guaranteed during the shelf life, can the product be called "probiotic food". However, due to the vague category boundaries, the lack of national standards, disorderly OEM and other reasons, it is unknown from beginning to end how many active probiotics can enter the stomach of consumers after a long sales link.

In addition to effectiveness, there is another mountain that needs to be turned over in the domestic probiotic market, which is the overseas monopoly of the upstream raw material market. TF Securities’s research shows that at present, the international patent application for probiotics is basically monopolized by traditional R&D powers such as the United States, Japan and Russia, and the monopoly of foreign enterprises in the domestic imported raw materials market is also very serious. Foreign manufacturers DuPont (50%) and Kohansen (35%) are the two companies with the largest proportion of probiotic raw materials in China. These two foreign companies account for about 85% of the domestic raw material market, and the rest manufacturers account for about 15%. It is an indisputable fact that the strains introduced from abroad may not be able to colonize effectively in the intestinal environment of Chinese. However, the probiotic industry has strong intellectual property barriers, technical barriers, access barriers and financial barriers. It is difficult for domestic enterprises to develop strains specially designed for Chinese.

After getting up in the morning, Rita habitually soaked in a bag of probiotic supplements. Since she tried this product, it has become a necessary process for her to supplement probiotics on time.

"Hey, is that probiotic drink you bought last time delicious and helpful to your health?" New information pops up in the chattering chat group.

Rita put down her glass and replied, "I think it’s effective. I don’t always run to the toilet recently, and the overall popularity is much better." It seems that intestinal health is really important. I don’t go to street food stalls to eat barbecue now. I have three meals a day, and I go to bed early and get up early. The acne on my face is gone. "

"Wait a minute, so is your gastrointestinal improvement due to probiotics or not eating junk food?"

“… …” Rita typed a string of ellipsis on her mobile phone.

At this time, another message popped up, "Why bother? We drink nutritional supplements to seek psychological comfort and relieve health anxiety. Hey, is there an appointment for crayfish beer on the weekend? "

"About about!" Rita and her sisters sent a message at the same time. She picked up the cup in her hand again and took a swig, thinking, to prepare for the weekend dinner, add another pack of enzymes today.

　　Original title: Shawn denied that "chopsticks" broke up and looked forward to the Spring Festival Evening of "Little Apple"

Shawn (Middle)

　　On October 13th, Shawn, the director who just successfully opened the door of "200 million box office club" with the 210 million box office of his debut film "The Old Boy Raptors Crossing the River", was invited to the "Wenrong Award" award ceremony in Hengdian Film & Festival of China, China in 2014 to receive the most important and only award awarded to individuals in the short film unit "Outstanding Contribution Award". Prior to this, there were rumors that the "Chopsticks Brothers" published in the gossip account had been disbanded, and Xiao Yang went to Zhejiang alone to receive the prize that day, which made the media ask Shawn questions one after another on this topic, and Shawn responded positively to this.

　　Shawn: "Chopsticks" are separated, which is a thing that has no shadow.

　　Because there was news in Weibo that the chopsticks brothers would completely break up and go their separate ways, the rumor that "chopsticks will become sticks and small apples will be eaten in two halves" became rampant day by day. Shawn, who attended the award ceremony alone that day, naturally attracted the media to chase after him and ask whether the two had "split up". Shawn responded with a little excitement: "We didn’t split up, and similar false news has been spread 5678 times! At different times, people say that we are breaking up with different purposes. After the big movie was finished, there were so many rumors that I couldn’t respond. For example, a while ago, it was reported that there was a car accident in Xiao Shenyang. Although I knew that the online rumors were unreliable, as a friend, you still had to worry about it. Fortunately, Xiao Shenyang was in my WeChat circle of friends. I saw him clarify and he was very helpless. In fact, everyone in the industry knows that we are not a simple singer group. From micro-movies to big movies, I am a director and screenwriter, and Lao Wang is a musician. Our division of labor is clear and we support each other. There is no motivation to break up. I have several movie plans at the same time, including the old boys series that I partner with Lao Wang. "

　　On the day of the event, Tang Jili, Peter Ho and others helped out one after another. The organizing committee invited the famous director Gao Xixi to present Shawn with the most important award of the new media short film unit "Outstanding Contribution Award", which was aimed at commending Shawn for his pioneering contribution in the field of China microfilm and becoming the first pioneer in transforming microfilm into cinema film. After winning the award, Shawn joked: "It’s like giving a lifetime achievement award at the beginning of filming". After taking office, Shawn also shared his own adventureland eight years ago. It was the Global Chinese Very Short Film Competition held together with Wenrong Award that awarded him a "Best Popularity Award" for his own advertising short film, which made him gain great courage and confidence: "I am very happy to be gradually recognized as a director, because when I first started filming micro-movies, my funds were limited, and I couldn’t wait for all the jobs I could do, so I performed, sang and danced by myself." But from the bottom of my heart, I first think of myself as a screenwriter and director. It’s like a long-distance runner. Most of the people don’t pay attention to it during the running journey. This state that no one pays attention to it and runs to the end is precisely what attracts me most. "

　　I hope "Little Apple" will be the first director to sing in the Spring Festival Evening.

　　Where Shawn appears, the topic of "Little Apple" is naturally indispensable. This episode in the film "The Old Boy Raptors Crossing the River" directed by Shawn has never given up the position of the champion of Baidu’s hot song list for one day in the past four months, and has obtained all the records that can be cracked by popular singles over the years, resulting in thousands of video versions of Fanzhi (fan production), and even boarded the website of the Ministry of National Defense and CCTV news channel, which triggered the biggest entertainment on the Internet. There is only April left in the Spring Festival Gala of the Year of the Sheep, and the director has been undecided for a long time, and the program is impenetrable. However, the rumors, predictions, appeals and canvassing about the upcoming landing of Little Apple in the Spring Festival Gala have become the hottest topics in the program. The reporter searched for the topic of "Little Apple Spring Festival Gala" in Weibo, which is similar to "Strongly demanding that Little Apple be on the Spring Festival Gala!" "Little Apple will definitely reach the top of the Spring Festival Gala. This song is too hot! Where there are Chinese, there will be this song! " Comments like that are dizzying.

　　After receiving the award in Shawn, the reporter also asked Shawn about it. Shawn replied with a smile: "If I can attend, it will be good. If I can attend, will I have the opportunity to become the first film director to sing and dance at the Spring Festival Evening?" When the reporter asked if "Little Apple" had been on fire for almost half a year, whether there would be any new ideas in the Spring Festival Evening, Shawn said: "I believe that if we go to the Spring Festival Evening, we should first listen to the professional advice and planning of TV people, and we will also improve the form and content to make it more fun."

Replacement of automobile oil filter: steps and points for attention

Automobile oil filter is one of the important components to ensure the normal operation of the engine. It is very important to replace the oil filter regularly to maintain the performance of the automobile and prolong the life of the engine. Let’s take a closer look at the replacement steps and matters needing attention of the automobile oil filter.

First, the preparation for replacing the oil filter

First of all, you need to prepare tools needed to replace the oil filter, such as wrenches and filter wrenches. At the same time, ensure that the vehicle is in the flameout state, and prepare the oil receiving container to prevent oil leakage from causing pollution.

Second, find the location of the oil filter

The position of oil filter may be different for different models. Generally speaking, the oil filter is located under or on the side of the engine. You can refer to the owner’s manual of the vehicle to find the location of the oil filter accurately.

Third, drain the oil

Before replacing the oil filter, it is necessary to drain the old engine oil. This can be achieved by unscrewing the oil drain screw on the oil pan. Pay attention to let the oil completely flow into the oil receiving container when draining oil.

Fourth, remove the old oil filter

Use a suitable tool, such as a filter wrench, to rotate the old oil filter counterclockwise and remove it. A small amount of engine oil may flow out during disassembly, so protective measures should be taken in advance.

Five, clean the installation location

After the old oil filter is removed, use a clean rag to wipe off the oil stains around the installation position to ensure the tightness of the new oil filter when it is installed.

Six, install a new oil filter

Apply a layer of engine oil to the sealing ring of the new oil filter, and then tighten the new oil filter clockwise by hand until the sealing ring contacts the installation surface. Tighten it properly with tools, but don’t use excessive force to avoid damaging the oil filter or the installation surface.

Seven, add new oil

Add new oil into the engine, and the filling amount should refer to the provisions of the vehicle owner’s manual.

Eight, check and start

After adding oil, check whether there is any leakage at the oil filter and oil drain screw. After confirmation, start the engine, let it run for a few minutes, and then check for leaks again.

Matters needing attention in replacing oil filter

1. Select the appropriate oil filter: Select the authentic oil filter with reliable quality according to the vehicle model and engine requirements.

2. Replacement cycle: Replace the oil filter regularly according to the recommendations of the vehicle manufacturer, generally every 5,000-10,000 kilometers or half a year to one year.

3. Operating environment: When replacing the oil filter, ensure that the operating environment is clean and tidy to avoid impurities from entering the engine.

4. Tightening strength: When installing the oil filter, grasp the tightening strength. Too loose will lead to leakage, and too tight may damage the oil filter or the installation surface.

5. Oil quality: When changing oil at the same time, choose high-quality oil that meets the requirements of the vehicle.

The following is a simple comparison table to help you understand more clearly the differences in oil filter replacement of different models:

| Model | Oil Filter Location | Tool Requirements | Special Notes |
|—-|—-|—-|—-|
| Car | Under the engine | Filter wrench | Some models need to remove the guard |
|SUV| Engine side | Wrench | Pay attention to the oil filling amount |
|MPV| The lower part of the engine is backward | Special tool | Confirm that the sealing ring is intact when installing |

In a word, replacing the automobile oil filter is not a very complicated job, but it needs careful operation to ensure the normal operation of the automobile and the good condition of the engine.

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